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Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 14118033     EISSN : 26140101     DOI : 10.18196/mm
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Mutiara Medika Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan (MMJKK) Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting medical sciences generated from basic sciences, clinical, and community or public health research to integrate researches in all aspects of human health.
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Articles 4 Documents
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Search results for , issue " Vol 9, No 2 (s) (2009)" : 4 Documents clear
Distribusi Prevalensi Malaria di Puskesmas Kokap I dan Girimulyo I Kabuapten Kulonprogo Tahun 2002-2004 dan Hubungannya dengan Faktor-faktor Risiko Wiraharjanegara, Harjuna Atma; Kesetyaningsih, Tri Wulandari
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9, No 2 (s) (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Prevalence of malaria in Indonesia is still high, particularly in the areas of Java and Bali. In Java, the health priority areas are endemic areas including mountain areas incise Kulonprogo district. This research aims to reveal the presence of risk factors associated with the incidence of malaria in the area. This is a non-experimental research by reviewing the medical records of patients with malaria in Primary Health Care in Kokap I and Girimulyo I in 2002-2004. Significance of the relationship between risk factors with the prevalence of malaria were analyzed by Chi-Square. The result show that malaria prevalence in Kokap I in 2002-2004 are 37,43%; 2,174%; 0,246% respectively and in Girimulyo I are 3,632%; 0,183%; 0,013% respectively. Chi-squares analyze show that there is significant correlation (p<0,05) between age group, gender and the occupation and the prevalence of malaria. There is unsignificant correlation between education level and the prevalence of malaria (p>0,05) in Kokap and Girimulyo.Prevalensi malaria di Indonesia sampai saat ini masih tinggi, terutama di daerah Jawa dan Bali. Di daerah Jawa yang menjadi prioritas kesehatan adalah daerah endemik termasuk wilayah pegunungan menoreh Kabupaten Kulonprogo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap adanya faktor-faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian malaria di daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini bersifat non eksperimental dengan menelaah data rekam medik penderita malaria di Kokap I dan Girimulyo I tahun 2002-2004. Signifikansi hubungan antara faktor risiko dengan prevalensi malaria dianalisis dengan Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi malaria di Kokap I berturut-turut dari tahun 2002-2004 adalah 37,43%; 2,174%; 0,246% dan di Girimulyo I, berturut-turut adalah 3,632%; 0,183%; 0,013%. Analisis Chi-Square menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara umur, jenis kelamin, dan jenis pekerjaan dengan prevalensi malaria. Tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan dengan prevalensi malaria (P>0,05).
Efek Profilaksis Perasan Daun Paederia foetida L. terhadap Ulkus Lambung Tikus Putih Terinduksi Etanol Fitra, Bayu Kurniawan; Makiyah, Sri Nabawiyati Nurul
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9, No 2 (s) (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Gastric ulcer is an ulcer which is caused by acid and pepsin which is happened because imbalance between aggressive and defensive factors. There is some causes of gastric ulcer, for the examples non steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), irritant factors, alcohol, foods and beverages and also helicobacter pylori. The purpose of this research is to prove prophylaxis effect of P. foetida L. leaves squeeze to gastric ulcer in the white rats which has been induced by ethanol. Research method which is used is laboratory experimental with post only control group research design. Thirty female Spraque Dawley white rats with 3 months in age and 145-250 grams in weight is divided into 6 groups (normal control, negative control, group with 2% squeeze, 4% squeeze, 8% squeeze and positive control). Sample grouping is done randomly. Ulcer induction with 1 ml of 80% ethanol is done after the rats given P foetida L. leaves squeeze for 3 days and fasted for 24 hours. Scoring the depth of the ulcer and distribution of inflammatory cells is done by microscopic observation according of Hadi, S (2002). Result of the depth of the ulcer is analyzed which kruskall-wallis and continued with mann whitney. Result of the distribution of inflammatory cells is analyzed which one way anova and continued with paired T-test. Statistic result shows depth in group of ulcer squeeze in leaves P. foetida L. 8% is less than from a group of negative control (p<0,05). In the other groups of squeeze that 2% and 4%, shows that the depth of ulcer is less than a group of negative control too, although in statistic it was not significant (p>0,05). In observation the spreading of inflammatory cell shows that group of leaves P. foetida L. squeeze 2%, 4% and 8% are less than group of negative control in the other hand in statistic was not significant (p>0,05). The conclution is squeeze of leaves P. foetida L. 8 % has prophylaxis effect with gastric ulcer of white rats induced by ethanol.Ulkus lambung adalah ulkus yang disebabkan oleh asam dan pepsin, yang terjadi akibat ketidakseimbangan antara faktor agresif dan faktor defensif. Ada banyak penyebab tukak lambung, seperti obat anti inflamasi non steroid (OAINS), beberapa faktor iritan seperti, alkohol makanan dan minuman serta kuman Helycobacter pylori. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental laboratorium dengan rancangan penelitian post only control group. Sebanyak 30 ekor tikus putih betina Spraque Dawley 3 bulan, dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok (kontrol tanpa perlakuan, kontrol negatif, perlakuan perasan 2%, 4%, 8% dan kontrol positif). Pengelompokkan sampel dilakukan secara acak. Tikus diberi perasan daun PfoetidaL. selama 3 hari dan dipuasakan selama 24 jam kemudian induksi ulkus menggunakan 1 ml etanol 80%. Penilaian kedalaman ulkus dan penyebaran sel radang dilakukan melalui pengamatan mikroskopis menurut Hadi, S. (2002). Hasil pengamatan kedalaman ulkus dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil pengamatan penyebaran sel radang dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan One Way Anova dilanjutkan dengan Paired T- Test. Hasil statistik menunjukkan kedalaman ulkus kelompok perasan daun P foetida L. 8% lebih rendah daripada kelompok kontrol negatif (p<0,05). Pada kelompok perasan 2% dan 4%, juga menunjukkan kedalaman ulkus lebih rendah daripada kelompok kontrol negatif meskipun secara statistik tidak signifikan (p>0,05). Pada pengamatan penyebaran sel radang menunjukkan kelompok perasan daun P. foetida L. 2%, 4% dan 8% lebih rendah daripada kelompok kontrol negatif meskipun secara statistik tidak signifikan (p>0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perasan daun P. foetida L. 8% memiliki efek profilaksis terhadap ulkus lambung tikus putih terinduksi etanol.
Hubungan antara Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan Tekanan Intraokular pada Subyek Normotensif Purnamasari, Gindah Ratu Priyasa; Jenie, Ikhlas Muhammad
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9, No 2 (s) (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

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Recent people’s life style tends to be imbalance in input and output energy that results in obesity. Obesity is a risk factor of several diseases. Recently, obesity, as well as high blood pressure, is associated with glaucoma. The aim of this research is to know correlation between body mass index and intraocular pressure in normotensive people. This was an observational cross sectional study done to outpatient in Ophthalmology Polyclinic, Wonosobo District Hospital, along August - December 2008. Inclusion criteria were people aged between 30-55years old with normal blood pressure (systolic < 139 mmHg, diastolic < 89 mmHg). The exclusion criteria were people who had history of cardiovascular diseases, diagnosed of having glaucoma before, had contraindication to tonometry use, consumed drugs affecting cardiovascular system, and had family history of cardiovascular, kidney, liver, and lungs diseases. Body weight and body height were measured using weight and height scale (SMIC003), body mass index was calculated using formula, blood pressure was measured in lying position using sphygmomanometer (Spirit CK-101C) and stethoscope (3M Littmann Classic II SE) and intraocular pressure using tonometry Schiotz by an ophthalmologist. Data was analyzed using Pearson Correlation with p < 0.05 as level of significance and One Way Anova. As many as 51 subjects joined the study. This study found moderate correlation between intraocular pressure and body mass index. Body weight as a component of body mass index has a borderline correlation with intraocular pressure. Besides, it showed that intraocular pressure in each underweight, normal, and overweight subjects simultaneously increase with increasing of body mass index. It is concluded that there is correlation between body mass index and intraocular pressure in normotensive subjects.Gaya hidup masyarakat modern yang cenderung tak seimbang dalam hal input dan output energi dapat menimbulkan obesitas. Baru-baru ini diketahui bahwa obesitas, sama halnya dengan tekanan darah tinggi, berhubungan dengan glaukoma. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional cross sectional yang dilakukan pada pasien rawat jalan di poli mata RSUD Wonosobo selama bulan Agustus-Desember 2008. Kriteria inklusi penelitian ini yaitu pasien yang berusia 30-55 tahun, bertekanan darah normal (tekanan sistolik < 139 mmHg, dan tekanan diastolik < 89 mmHg). Kriteria eksklusi penelitian ini yaitu pasien yang mempunyai riwayat penyakit kardiovaskular, terdiagnosis glaukoma sebelumnya, mempunyai kontraindikasi terhadap pemakaian tonometri, mengkonsumsi obat-obatan yang dapat mempengaruhi sistem kardiovaskular, dan memiliki riwayat keluarga berpenyakit kardiovaskular, ginjal, hati, dan paru-paru. Berat badan dan tinggi badan diukur dengan alat ukur berat dan tinggi badan (SMIC003), indeks massa tubuh dihitung berdasarkan rumus IMT = Berat Badan (kg)/ Tinggi Badan2 (m2), tekanan darah diukur pada posisi berbaring dengan sphygmomanometer (Spirit CK-101C) dan stethoscope (3M Littmann Classic II SE), serta tekanan intraokular diukur dengan tonometri Schiotz oleh seorang dokter spesialis mata. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Pearson Correlation dengan p < 0.05 sebagai nilai signifikansi dan One Way Anova. Penelitian pada subyek sebanyak 51 orang ini mendapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat korelasi yang sedang antara indeks massa tubuh dengan tekanan intraokular. Selain itu, berat badan yang merupakan komponen dari indeks massa tubuh mempunyai korelasi yang rendah. Tekanan intraokular pada masing-masing kelompok underweight, normal, dan overweight meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan indeks massa tubuh (IMT). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat korelasi antara tekanan intraokular dengan indeks massa tubuh pada subyek normotensif.
Pola Penyebab dan Rekurensi Dermatitis Numularis Estri, Siti Aminah Tri Susilo
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9, No 2 (s) (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

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The prevalence of nummular dermatitis (ND) was increased and varies from one region to another. Numular dermatitis was associated with a suspected causes of bacterial colonization, contact dermatitis to nickel, and cobalt khromat; physical trauma or chemical, environmental, and emotional stress. The study would report the pattern of causes and factors that may affect the relapse cases ND. The case consists of 9 people, 6 women and 3 men, aged between 15-73 years. Frequency of visits to the clinic varied between 0-6 times. The time between initial and subsequent visits varied between 1 until 22 months. The main complaint was an itching and rash. The diagnosis ND established based on anamnesis and dermatological examination with the characteristic lesion and appropriate areas. The cause or recurrence of cases of DN in this report associated with low air humidity (in all cases), the colonization of S. aureus (in the case of the 6th, 7th and 9 th), age or skin xerotic (in the case of the 1, 2, 3) and contact history (in the case of the 2 and 4), without ignoring the possibility of other factors.Prevalensi dermatitis numularis (DN) semakin meningkat dan berbeda antara satu daerah dengan daerah yang lain. Penyebab DN diduga berhubungan dengan kolonisasi bakteri, dermatitis kontak terhadap nikel, khromat dan kobalt; trauma fisik atau kimia, lingkungan, serta stres emosional. Pada tulisan ini dilaporkan pola penyebab dan faktor-faktor yang mungkin mempengaruhi kekambuhan kasus DN. Kasus terdiri atas 9 orang, terdiri atas 6 wanita dan 3 orang laki-laki, umur antara 15-73 tahun. Frekuensi kunjungan ke Poliklinik bervariasi, antara 0-6 kali. Waktu antara kunjungan awal dan berikutnya bervariasi antara 1 minggu sampai 22 bulan. Keluhan utama rasa gatal dengan bercak merah. Diagnosis DN ditegakkan berdasarkan gambaran klinisnya yaitu anamnesis, ujud kelainan kulit dengan daerah predileksi yang sesuai. Penyebab atau rekurensi berbagai kasus DN pada tulisan ini berhubungan dengan kelembaban udara yang rendah (pada semua kasus), kolonisasi S. aureus (pada kasus ke-6, 7 dan 9), usia atau xerotic skin (pada kasus ke-1, 2, 3) dan riwayat kontak (pada kasus ke-2 dan 4), tanpa mengabaikan kemungkinan faktor lainnya.

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