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Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology

jtbb
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 25409573 EISSN : 25409581 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology

Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology (JTBB) is an authoritative source of information concerned with the advancement of tropical biology studies in the Southeast Asia Region. It publishes original scientific work related to a diverse range of fields in tropical biodiversity, functional biology, and biotechnology.

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Articles 5 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 3 (2018): December" : 5 Documents clear

Immunomodulatory and Antioxidant Activity of Green Grass Jelly Leaf Extract (Cyclea barbata Miers.) In Vitro Rendi Mahadi; Mustafid Rasyiid; Krisnanda Surya Dharma; Lindia Anggraini; Rahma Nurdiyanti; Tri Rini Nuringtyas
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 3 (2018): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.33441

Green grass jelly (Cyclea barbata Miers.) is known for its benefit to human health especially in supporting body’s immune system and wellness. This research aimed to determine immunomodulatory and antioxidant activity of green grass jelly leaf extracts in vitro. Old leaves were collected as sample then dried and ground to powder. The extraction was done with sohxletation using three different solvents, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The immunomodulatory activity was evaluated by treating the crude extracts at concentrations of 50, 100, and 500 mg/mL on macrophages of rat in vitro. Macrophage cells separated form peritoneal fluid used RPMI medium. Phagocytosis activity and phagocytosis capacity of macrophages were performed in vitro using latex beads that suspended in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The antioxidant activity was measured by spectrophotometry technique with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) solution. All treatments were done three replicates. Detection of the bioactive groups of the extracts was done by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The results showed that ethyl acetate extract has the highest phagocytosis activity followed by chloroform extract and ethanol extract, respectively. Optimum concentration was reached at 100 mg/mL of ethyl acetate extract. The ethyl acetate extract was also the highest antioxidant activity index 7.7 followed by both extracts of chloroform and ethanol similar index value of 6.25 and 6.3, respectively. The ethyl acetate extract has a high immunomodulatory activity and antioxidant activity which contained phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids.

The Potential of Single Garlic Oil in Inhibiting The Growth and Damaging The Membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteria Sri Rahayu Lestari; Agung Witjoro; Soeyati Poejiani
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 3 (2018): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Nosocomial infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria is hard to be treated since the infection transmission is fast and it is resistance to the antibiotic. Antibiotic resistance in the bacteria can be treated with various natural ingredients from plants and one of the plants is single garlic. Single garlic contains organosulfur compounds in form of alliin, allicin, and ajoene. This research aimed to analyze the potential of single garlic oil (SGO) in inhibiting the growth and the damage of membrane of P. aeruginosa bacteria in in vitro with disc diffusion method by giving treatments of essential oil extract in concentration of 25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, 75 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml, and 1% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as the negative control and Ceftazidimeof 30 µg/ml as the positive control. The damage of the bacterial cell membrane was observed with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with a magnification of 25000X. The result of the measurement of the zone of inhibition was analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The research results indicate that SGO could inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa bacteria with strong criteria, which was in a concentration of 100 mg/ml.

Pest Management in Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Natural History Repository Arney Sapaat; Maryati Mohamed; Mohd. Noh Dalimin
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 3 (2018): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Under the Malaysian Universities Act 1971, Higher Learning Institutions are encouraged to set up museums that could support teaching and learning at the institution. With that provision, the Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) Natural History Repository was formed in 2014, to support the newly developed BSc Program called Biodiversity and Conservation. Under the Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Centre of Research - Sustainable Uses of Natural Resources (CoR-SUNR), develops and organizes the repository. Currently the repository is sited at a shoplot building in Parit Raja Campus that had been modified as part of campus expansion plan. The process of converting this shoplot building into functional gallery/storage space introduced a new challenge in pest management. The goals were to ensure whatever pests already present are eradicated, determine ways to seal out future pests, stabilize the condition to decrease pest infestation, and establish a monitoring program. Baseline pest data were collected via trapping throughout the repository spaces before, during, and after retrofit construction. Data from trapping were used to assess pest problems, and actions to eliminate these pests were initiated. A year-long survey of pests was performed after staff and collections occupied the building. The results showed variation in pest diversity and populations. Having succeeded in controlling insects pest problems at UTHM Natural History Repository would lead to better teaching/learning experience for graduates as well as promoting public awareness and education especially among young public on biodiversity.Under the Malaysian Universities Act 1971, Higher Learning Institutions are encouraged to set up museums that could support teaching and learning at the institution. With that provision, the Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) Natural History Repository was formed in 2014, to support the newly developed BSc Program called Biodiversity and Conservation. Under the Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Centre of Research - Sustainable Uses of Natural Resources (CoR-SUNR), develops and organizes the repository. Currently the repository is sited at a shoplot building in Parit Raja Campus that had been modified as part of campus expansion plan. The process of converting this shoplot building into functional gallery/storage space introduced a new challenge in pest management. The goals were to ensure whatever pests already present are eradicated, determine ways to seal out future pests, stabilize the condition to decrease pest infestation, and establish a monitoring program. Baseline pest data were collected via trapping throughout the repository spaces before, during, and after retrofit construction. Data from trapping were used to assess pest problems, and actions to eliminate these pests were initiated. A year-long survey of pests was performed after staff and collections occupied the building. The results showed variation in pest diversity and populations. Having succeeded in controlling insects pest problems at UTHM Natural History Repository would lead to better teaching/learning experience for graduates as well as promoting public awareness and education especially among young public on biodiversity.

Antibacterial Activity Test of Bacteriocin from Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum Against Gram Positive Pathogenic Bacteria Novi Permata Sari; Rafika Sari; Eka Kartika Untari
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 3 (2018): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Bacteriocin is a secondary metabolite product of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) which have an antimicrobial and potentially as a natural preservative. LAB isolates used in this study were Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of bacteriocin produced by each isolate of LAB including the influence of pH and heating variation against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Antibacterial activity test was done by using disc diffusion method. method. Confirmation test using proteolytic enzyme aimed to analyse that the inhibition zone produced from the activity of bacteriocin. The inhibition zone produced from L. brevis, L. casei and L. plantarum against B. cereus were 15.70, 16.43 and 14.50 mm, against B. subtilis were 13.37, 14.10 and 12.53 mm and against S. epidermidis were 11.37, 14.50 and 12.45 mm. The activity of each bacteriocin decreased with the addition of trypsin and catalase, bacteriocin was active in the pH range of 2-10 and heating temperature of 40-121oC. Statistical test showed that the addition of trypsin, catalase and the variation of pH also heating had significant differences (p<0.05) to antibacterial activity produced by bacteriocin from L. brevis, L. casei and L. plantarum.

Potential Development of Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk or Pimpinella alpine Kds) Plant Scale Industry Using In-Vitro Culture Technique By Means of Rooting Induction Egi Nuryadin; Alyaa Nabiila
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 3 (2018): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk or Pimpinella alpine KDS) belongs to the Apiaceae family, is an endemic plant in mountainous areas such as the Dieng Plateau, Pangrango Mountain, and mountainous areas in East Java. Parts of the plants, especially roots are efficacious as aphrodisiacs, diuretic drugs and tonics. Based on CITES, this plant belongs to the category of endangered species, so its presence is very rare in nature. This scarcity occurs due to the purwoceng exploitation in nature as traditional herbal medicine without any cultivation or rejuvenation. In situ conservation efforts are almost impossible because the original habitat of this plant has become extinct. Thus, ex situ conservation is more suitable to be applied, by using in-vitro culture techniques. Therefore, a research study is needed on the development of tissue culture techniques in the production of the seeds. Methods of data collection in this study was conducted by literature studies. Therefore, ex-vitro root induction techniques are applied currently, namely rooting induction. The content of the chemical compounds and various properties make purwoceng as a commodity in the raw materials of drugs that have great potential to promote industrial players in the economic field. Based on the results from the literature, the authors can conclude that the potential of purwoceng plants is quite large, but still constrained by the scarcity of seed supply so the application of ex-vitro root induction techniques in in-vitro culture can be a solution in limitation of supply of purwoceng crops for industrial scale. Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk or Pimpinella alpine KDS) belongs to the Apiaceae family, is an endemic plant in mountainous areas such as the Dieng Plateau, Pangrango Mountain, and mountainous areas in East Java. Parts of the plants, especially roots are efficacious as aphrodisiacs, diuretic drugs and tonics. Based on CITES, this plant belongs to the category of endangered species, so its presence is very rare in nature. This scarcity occurs due to the purwoceng exploitation in nature as traditional herbal medicine without any cultivation or rejuvenation. In situ conservation efforts are almost impossible because the original habitat of this plant has become extinct. Thus, ex situ conservation is more suitable to be applied, by using in-vitro culture techniques. Therefore, a research study is needed on the development of tissue culture techniques in the production of the seeds. Methods of data collection in this study was conducted by literature studies. Therefore, ex-vitro root induction techniques are applied currently, namely rooting induction. The content of the chemical compounds and various properties make purwoceng as a commodity in the raw materials of drugs that have great potential to promote industrial players in the economic field. Based on the results from the literature, the authors can conclude that the potential of purwoceng plants is quite large, but still constrained by the scarcity of seed supply so the application of ex-vitro root induction techniques in in-vitro culture can be a solution in limitation of supply of purwoceng crops for industrial scale.

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