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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
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Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)" : 15 Documents clear
Utilization of Various Organic Wastes as Liquid Biofertilizer Carrier Agents towards Viability of Bacteria and Green Bean Growth Novi Arfarita; Tsuyoshi Imai; Cahyo Prayogo
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.01.01

Abstract

The problem in the production of biofertilizers is that raw materials are cheap, easy to get and apply. Another problem is determining the viability of the consortium microbes in a biofertilizer formulation. This study aims to determine the bacterial viability of various liquid media originating from organic waste as a liquid biofertilizer carrier. Three indigenous bacterial strains under consortium for phosphate soluble (Pantoea ananatis strain 53 (BC32)), non-symbiostic Nitrogen fixation (Bacillus licheniformis strain S45) and stabilizing soil aggregate (Pseudomonas plecoglossidastrain PR19) were added to liquid biofertilizer. The study evaluated 10 treatments using a randomized design with three replicates. The treatments are as follows: Peptone,molasses, Compost wash from seaweed waste, Vermiwash, molasses + glycerol, compost wash from seaweed waste + glycerol, vermiwash + glycerol, molasses + PEG (PolyEthylene Glycols)1%, compost wash seaweed waste + PEG 1%, and Vermiwash + PEG 1%. This biofertilizer formulation (liquid) was kept for 16 weeks at optimumpH 5.5. VP3 (Vermiwash made from vermicompost + PEG 1%) treatment showed thebest viability of bacterial strains during the 16-week storage period. The pathogenicitytest using green bean seeds Vima-1 showed that all liquid formulations of biological fertilizers with the three consortium bacterial isolates did not show signs of diseases and demonstrated better growth than the control treatment. Compared to other treatments, the best growth of bacterial strains was detected with MP2 (Molasses + glycerol) treatment. Formulations using vermiwash and PEG appear to maintain bacterial viability in the formulation effectively. However, the formulation of molasses and glycerol exerts a stimulating effect on sprouts growth.
Species Composition and Assessment of Sphingidae in Mt. Agad-Agad, Iligan City, Philippines Romeo Jr. Rogano Patano; Alma B Mohagan; Maria Melanie M Guiang; Olga M Nuñeza; Fulgent P Coritico; Honey Christine T Anches; Hanah Gloricel H Jebulan; Erl Pfian T Maglangit; Victor B Amoroso
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.01.14

Abstract

Sphingidae (Hawkmoth or Sphinxmoth) is a known bioindicator that is naturally affected by environmental issues such as deforestation and pollution. Members of thisfamily are widely distributed in Southeast Asia and play vital roles as indicators ofhabitat quality and biomass degradation. This study highlights the diversity and assessment of hawkmoths of Mt. Agad-Agad (Sitio Langinlanon, Barangay Puga-an)on Iligan City. Two sampling stations were established, the upper and lower Mt.Agad-Agad. Light trap sampling using 2 × 3 m2 white silk cloth and 500 watts lightbulb was established in selected points of the sampling stations. Six species belonging to four genera were recorded of which two species, Acosmeryx socrates and Polyptychus trilineatus philippinensis, were found very rare in the area. Station 2 (lowerMt. Agad-Agad) had the highest number of species recorded compared to Station 1(upper Mt. Agad-Agad). However, there is no significant difference between the two(t=0.59, critical t=2.2281, p=0.56) sampling stations in terms of species composition. Moreover, two species from the genus Ambulyx are the endemic species observed, viz, A. bakeri and A. wilemani.
Isolation And Identification of Cyanobacteria from Selected Caves of Bulabog Putian National Park Dingle, Iloilo, Western Visayas, Philippines Mary Lou Crucero Arabaca; Noel D. Roble; Jenelle Mae B. Sanchez
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.01.09

Abstract

Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic, gram negative, and diverse group of prokaryotic organisms, inhabiting a wide range of habitats including caves. This study was aimed to isolate and identify cyanobacteria in selected caves of Bulabog Putian National Park, Dingle, Iloilo, Western Visayas, Philippines. Based on morphology and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis six strains of cyanobacteria were identified. The sequence homology search by BLAST program revealed that the closest relative of the six strains was Leptolyngbya sp. (similarity - 94.62 Calothrix sp. (similarity – 97.07%), Chroococcidiopsis cubana (similarity – 99.21%), Onodrimia javanensis (similarity – 96.27%), Chroakolemma pellucida (similarity – 94.74%), and Albertania skiophila (similarity – 98.40%), belonging to Order Chroococcidiopsales, Nostocales, and Synechococcales. The phylogenetic tree revealed the taxonomic positions of the six cyanobacterial strains. Based on the results, six newly identified strains of cyanobacteria have been discovered from the caves of Bulabog Putian National Park. Further studies such as the polyphasic approach and other taxonomic characterizations are needed for the description of these new novel taxa of cyanobacteria.
Wintering of Leaf Warblers (Phylloscopus Boie, 1826) in Gangajalghati: First photographic evidence of four species from Northern Bankura, West Bengal, India. Ananya Nayak
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.01.13

Abstract

Leaf warblers are small insectivorous passerine birds that belong to the genus Phylloscopus (Boie, 1826) and exhibit great similarity in plumage and morphology. These song birds have been reported with the maximum diversity in the eastern Himalayas and southern China. No comprehensive studies with photographic evidence on Phylloscopus have been conducted so far in the Southern parts of West Bengal including Bankura district in India. Three types of habitats of Gangajalghati village in Bankura district were surveyed during winter for 8 months between November 2015 and February 2017 and bird counts were recorded and photographed. A total of 49 individuals from four species of Phylloscopus were recorded. The most abundant species recorded in the study was the dusky warbler (Phylloscopus fuscatus, Blyth, 1842) followed by greenish warbler (Phylloscopus trochiloides, Sundevall, 1837), common chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita, Vieillot, 1817) and Hume's leaf warbler (Phylloscopus humei, Brooks, 1878). Further, the prey abundance of leaf warblers (lepidopteran caterpillar and other arthropods) were determined in the early winter session (first week of November and December). The study recorded maximum bird abundance and species richness in the wetland associated habitats with higher prey abundance followed by barren land and agriculture field. The work documented the visit of dusky and greenish warblers to Bankura for the first time in the past 40 years and recorded the wintering of common chiffchaff and Hume's leaf warblers as the first evidence from the district.
A Quantitative Ethnobotanical Study of Plants Used by the Locals in Camiguin Island, Calayan, Cagayan, Philippines Rudolph Valentino A. Docot; Amritveer Singh Sohal; Carylle G. Dela Cruz; Kaye Allison P. Fontillas; Marc Allan G. Rodriguez; George Emmanuel M. Trillana; Mark Lloyd Granaderos Dapar
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.01.15

Abstract

Traditional knowledge concerning plant utilization in the Philippines is common but is largely underappreciated. Assessment of plant resources by groups of people helps promote valorization of cultural heritage. However, particularly in the Camiguin Island of the North, Cagayan (not to be confused with the island province of Camiguin in Mindanao), the use of terrestrial plants remains unknown. As a response, this study aims to identify terrestrial plants in the island which have ethnobotanical importance through survey interview. The data collected were then analyzed using quantitative ethnobotanical methods. A total of 70 species belonging to 44 plant families were surveyed from the 33 informants. The statistical analysis showed a significant difference between male and female informants in terms of ethnobotanical knowledge. Lamiaceae was the most represented plant family with five species recorded. Leaves were the most used plant part (51%), congruent to previous ethnobotanical studies in the Philippines. Most medicinal preparations were done through decoctions (41.03%). Much of the medicinal plants surveyed were administered through topical medication (54.90%), and this is because the occupation of the people of Camiguin island mostly involves heavy physical activities. Thus, the probability of being wounded in the area is very high. It was found that Vitex negundo was the most used plant in Camiguin island with the used value of 0.15. Furthermore, five ailment/disease categories obtained a 100% fidelity level. This result indicates that the plants used for that disease category are considered the most preferred species. Respiratory diseases obtained the highest FIC value of 0.40, indicating species within that category are the best candidates to search for bioactive compounds. This documentation provides the first checklist of useful plants in Camiguin island and will serve as a basis for future ethnobotanical studies in the Philippines.
Environmental Conditions, Phytochemical Constituents, and Antibacterial Activities of Two Philippine Medicinal Vitaceae Species Jeff Miranda Opena; Rachel Sotto
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.01.02

Abstract

Plants are utilized for medicinal, therapeutic, nutritional, and industrial importance. This study investigated the phytochemical constituents and antibacterial activities of two medicinal Vitaceae species, namely: Cayratia trifolia and Tetrastigma harmandii. The growing environment (location, elevation, soil properties, and associated plants) of the species in northeastern Cagayan, Luzon, Philippines, were assessed and leaf samples were collected for phytochemical screening and antibacterial analysis. T. harmandii dominated the population found growing in various habitats such as hills, residential areas, near coastal areas and island shorelines, nipa plantations, agricultural and grasslands, near bodies of water, caves, and secondary growth forests while C. trifolia were only found growing in swamps, hills, and secondary growth forests. Both plants were found climbing in plant species like ipil-ipil (Leucaena leucocephala)and kakawate (Gliciridia sepium). T. harmandii populations were growing in soils with lower soil pH and higher nutrient content as compared to C. trifolia populations which grew in soils with higher pH and lower nutrients. Antioxidant properties were exhibited by the presence of secondary metabolites. Alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, anthocyanins, tannins, and saponins were detected in C. trifolia ethanolic leaf extracts while phenols, terpenoids, tannins, and saponins were detected in T. harmandii. Both species showed inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, a slight activity against Klebsiella aerogenes was observed for T. harmandii. Thus, C. trifolia and T. harmandii also have antibacterial properties.
Occurrence and identification of Basidiomycetous Fomitopsis species the causal agent of Brown-rot in oil palm Elaeis guineensis in Johor, Malaysia Muhammad Muhammad; Roswanira Abdul Wahab; Mohd Hefni Rusli; Fahrul Huyop
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.01.03

Abstract

Macro fungi belonging to the family “Polyporaceae” in the phylum Basidiomycota are among the commonplace causal agents of plant diseases. In the present study, we reported the molecular characterization of a macro fungi basidiomycetous brown-rot fungal phytopathogen Fomitopsis strain MM4. The fungal phytopathogen was identified and molecular characterized from the infected stem and tissue of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) in Kulai, Johor. The 18SrRNA nucleotide sequence of the fungal pathogen strain MM4 showed 99% similarity with partial sequences of Antrodia serialis maintained in the genebank database. The pairwise multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the fungus clustered into a single branch of a phylogenetic tree; hence the fungus was designated as Fomitopsis meliae (MM4). The pathogenicity test revealed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in disease severity caused by the characterized basidiomycetous brown-rot F. meliae fungal pathogen on oil palm seedlings and the pathogen was successfully re-isolated from infected samples. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of 18S rRNA F. meliae Basidiomycota brown-rot fungi infecting oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). The findings of this study thus support the diversity of pathogenic macro fungi affecting oil palm trees in Malaysia.
Coffee Landscape of Banyuwangi Geopark: Ecology, Conservation, and Sustainable Tourism Development Luchman Hakim; Brian Rahardi; Dodit Ari Guntoro; Naila Izzatul Mukhoyyaroh
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.01.11

Abstract

Coffee landscape is one of the crucial elemnt of Banyuwangi Geopark, East Java. Coffee landscape plays an essential role in supporting the sustainable ecosystem in Banyuwangi Geopark. A number of studies have already examined ways to develop and preserve the coffee landscape and its biodiversity, especially in coffee cultivated under agroforestry system. This paper aims to describe the ecology of coffee landscapes in Banyuwangi, identify the problems and opportunities for preservation and biodiversity conservation, explore the possibilities of integrating coffee and tourism, and provide recommendations to preserve the coffee landscape and its biodiversity. Field survey, literature studies and interviews with farmers, tourism consultants, local travel planner, and local guides were conducted to get comprehensive data and information of the tourism potential of coffee landscape ecosystems. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Result of the study shows that Banyuwangi is home to numerous state-, private-, and peasant-owned coffee orchards. Coffee agroforestry has already been established for a long time, contributing to biodiversity conservations. Coffee cultivation is a common practice among communities, which later inspired the creation of a coffee festival. With the high number of tourism attractions located in the geopark area coupled with the trend in tourism development, there is potential in integrating coffee into tourism. Important actions have to be done first, and these are as follows: mapping and describing coffee orchard distribution, enhancing peasant capacity in coffee cultivation, introducing and strengthening sustainable tourism principles, and establishing regulation to ensure the preservation and conservation of coffee cultural landscapes. Result of the studies reported here can be used to provide guidelines for the management of coffee landscape in the Banyuwangi  Geopark area.
Toxicity of food supplements as an adjuvant for COVID-19 treatment or prevention Zoran Zhivikj; Tanja Ivanovska; Lidija Tozi; Tatjana Panovska
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.01.04

Abstract

Commercially available food supplements, especially vitamins and minerals are becoming increasingly popular in the era of COVID-19 disease. Sales of food supplements increased dynamically because of the belief that they could be more effective than conventional antiviral or corticosteroid drugs as well as missing of the specific medical therapy for preventing or treating this disease. The greatest interest is associated to immune-related nutrients and antioxidant agents, among which vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, selenium and zinc. All of these are currently under clinical investigation for possible application in prevention and treatment of COVID-19. The main concern is that apart the use in the cases with deficiency of vitamin D or C, selenium and zinc, there are no convincing evidence to support the role of nutritional supplementation in COVID-19 prevention. Further, large intakes may worsen the diet and many people gained weight as additional risk factor of developing complications during the course of the disease, and finally inappropriate doses may initiate toxicity. Hence, additional studies assessing the impact as well as the mechanism of action of the specific nutrients on the incidence and progress of COVID-19 in relation to age, nutritional status, wellbeing and particular to existing co-morbidities, are entailed. Moreover, whether and which specific nutrients has a positive effect against COVID-19 in healthy and well-nourished individuals, should be also evaluated. Awaiting the scientific evidence, we have reviewed mechanisms, efficacy and safety of immune-boosting and/or antioxidant nutrients proposed to be used as food supplements in prevention and treatment of COVID-19. 
Investigation on the Effects of Hydroponic-planting Versus Soil-planting Using Plectranthus amboinicus as a Plant Model Shaila Mohana Dass; Tsun-Thai Chai; Fai-Chu Wong
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.01.05

Abstract

Hydroponic system is a method of growing crops or plants in a soilless system, by suspending the plant crops in a nutrient-rich solution, with reduced interferences from such factors as soil quality, irrigation and climate. However, there is limited information available on how hydroponic planting will affect the plant’s bioactivities, as well as the associated biochemical, mineral, phytochemical and antioxidant enzyme contents. In this study, we used Plectranthus amboinicus (Indian borage) as a medicinal plant model, to investigate the differences between hydroponic-planted (HP) versus soil-planted (SP) plants. Here, aqueous extracts of Indian borage from HP and SP samples were prepared, followed by testing for their phytochemical, mineral, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents. Based on our results, SP sample was detected with higher antioxidant potentials, using two different radical scavenging assays. This observation is correlating to the higher phytochemical contents (total phenolic, flavonoid, and hydroxycinnamic acids contents), as well as higher chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, detected in the SP sample. However, no significant difference was detected between HP and SP samples, in terms of their protein protection potentials. On the other hand, HP sample was tested with higher mineral contents (iron, copper, magnesium and calcium) using the atomic absorption spectroscopy method. Additionally, higher antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase) were also detected in the HP sample using biochemical assays. In the future study, more plant models can be included in the comparison between HP and SP effects, to determine if a similar phenomenon is observed. Through similar studies, it is hoped that more related information could be gathered and help to guide the choice of suitable planting systems with regard to food security, in terms of both harvest yields and nutritional contents.

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