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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 32 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 4, No 5 (1999)" : 32 Documents clear

KOMPOSISI MINYAK ATSIRI DARI TIGA JENIS TUMBUHAN RUTACEAE [ Composition of Essential Oils from Three Rutaceae Species Plant] Agusta, Andria; Jamal, Yuliasri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Rutaceae is one of the essential oil resources that is very potential for medicinal, perfumery and other use This study was conducted to analyze the essential oil components resulted from water distillation of kalamanjarik leaves (Micromelum minutum), jeruk epara leaves ILimnocitrus litoralis) and the leaves and the stem bark of malapotung (Evodia qlabra). The results showed the leaves of kalamanjarik contained approximately 0,70%, jeruk jepara 0,21%, malapotung leaves 0,17% and the stem bark contained 0,50 % essential oils. GCMS analyses of the essential oils gave 3 major components of kalamanjarik leaves i.e /J-pinene (24,41%j, bergamiol (23,01%) and nerolidol (18,90%) and 2 major components of jeruk jepara leaves i.e fl-mircene (70.55) and /t-pinene (24,06 %). Essential oil of malapotung leaves consisted of 39,8J% ct-pinene, 14,26 % 1aR(1aa,4a/3,7a,7aa,7ba)decahydro -1,1,7-lrimethyl-4-methylene-1H-cycloprope azulene and 16,62% S-cadinene as major components, while the stem bark had only one major component, u-pinene (68,37 %) The minor components of the four essential oils will be discussed.

KARAKTER MORFOLOGI DAN POLA PERKECAMBAHAN BIJI Strombosia javanica Bl. (Olacaceae) DALAM KAITANNYA DENGAN SIFAT-SIFAT PARASITISME [Morphological Characters and Germination Patterns of Strombosia Javanica Bl. (Olacaeae) Associated with Parasitism] Rachman, Erlin; Sunaryo, Sunaryo
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

A study on seed germinations of Strombosia javanica BL. was conducted to observe morphological character and germination pattern of the seedling. As many as 134 seeds of the species, originally collected in Bogor Botanical Gardens, were germinated on medium contain soil, sands and compost in same quantity. Germination aspects such as germination patterns and developmental changes were monitored everyday until the first leaves appear. The seed germinations was typically hypogeal and totally spent 160-170 days, and consisted at least six stages: hypocotyl growth, radix primordial formatton, seedling root growth, seed ball lifting, seed ball removal and first leaves appearance. Rather intact seed ball remain exist at the end of hypocotyl vigorously mtil its removal, pmsumably one of special phenomena of the species germination associated to plant parasitism. Functionally, development of the cotyledons were abnormally suppressed by the existence of the seed ball. The cotyledon praphotosynthetic function seems to be replaced by greeny hypocotyl. First leaves development were never occurred before the seed ball removal. Seed coat elimination was able to increase germination initiation in a given time but facilitated damaging bacteria or fungi to contaminate the endosperm.

RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KACANG HIJAU VARIETAS WALET TERHADAP PEMBERIAN INOKULAN RfflZOBIUM DAN MIKORIZA DI LAHAN MASAM [Growth Responses of Mungbean var. Walet to the Application of Rhizobium and Mycorrizha Inoculants in Acid Soil] Abdulkadir, Subadri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v4i5.1247

The study on the growth response of mungbean Walet variety inoculated by Rhizobium and VA-Mycormiza inoculant carried out done at UPT-BBOK-UPI, Bergen, Lampung, using Competely Randomized Block Design. Five treatments by using Rhizobium, 5 treatments by using mixed Rhizobium and Myco.rrhiza, 1 treatment by using Mycorrhiza. The plant, without inoculated and without fertilized, the plants without inoculated but fertilized by using urea, the plants without inoculated but fertilized by using TSP, and the plants without inoculated but fertilized by using urea and TSP as control. Each treatment has 3 replications. The height and the weight of the plants, the weight of nodules had been weighted after 30 days planting. The result of the research showed that the plants by giving inoculant better growth compare to the plants without inoculated and fertilized. The weight of plants and root is compered which the plants by giving Rhizobium and Mycorrhiza to the plants without inoculated and fertilized was not significant. However, in the height and the wight of nodules of some treatments were significant to the control.

TOLERANSI BEBERAPA GENOTIPE Vigna umbellata (THUMB.) TERHADAP SUHU TINGGI PADA BERBAGAI TAHAP PERTUMBUHAN [Heat Tolerance of Some Vigna umbellata (Thumb.) genotypes at different Growth Phases] Poerba, Yuyu Suryasari; Syarif, Fauzia
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Degree of electrolyte leakage (EL) from leaf tissue after exposure to high temperature has been used as an indicator of heat tolerance. Inthe present study, EL was measured in an attempt to estimate heat tolerance of Viana umbellata (Thumb.) genotypes at three differentgrowth phases. The degree of heat injury is significantly different among the three growth phases and among the genotypes as well as their interaction. However, the degree of heat injury tends to increase over the plant growth. The 18 genotypes of V. umbellata shows moderate genetic variability as shown by its value of genetic variance (46,25 ÃÂ±16,35), phenotypic variance (85,37 ÃÂ±27,60), and coefficientof genetic variation (26,36%).

DINAMIKA POPULASI MIKROBA BENTUK FILAMEN PADA PROSES ANAEROBIK-AEROBIK UNTUK PENAMBATAN POSPAT DENGAN MIKROBA [Dynamic Population of Filamentous Organism in Anaerobic-Aerobic Process for Enhanced Biological Phosphate Removal Process] Sudiana, I Made
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v4i5.1252

Filamentous bulking is commonly observed in activated sludge treatment plant. The present study is intended to study the dynamic of filamentous organism in enhanced biological phosphorous removal. An anaerobic-aerobic sequential batch reactor was operated at 6 cycles per day with anaerobic phase for 55 minutes, aerobic phase for 135 minutes and settling phase for 60 minutes. Population of filamentous organism were counted and identified.Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with oligonucleotide probe specific for the alpha, beta, gamma sub class Proteobacteria and gram positive high GC DNA content organism was done to identify in-situ community of filamentous organism in the activated sludge. Them were 4 major filamentous organisms namely Type 021N, 0041, Micmthrix oarvicella and Haliscomenobacter hydrosis, in which type 021N was always dominant. Deterioration of enhanced biological phosphorous removal process was observed when filamentous organism outgrew. Probing technique with oligonucleotide probe revealed that filamentous organism mostly belong to the gamma sub class of Proteobacteria.

AKTIVITAS ENZIM 2,4-D MONOOKSIGENASE DARI BERBAGAI MIKROBA [2,4-D monooxygenase Activity of Some Microorganisms] Sulistinah, Nunik
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Nine cultures both from fungi and bacteria have been selected for testing their 2,4-D monooxygenase activity to degrade 2,4-Dtohlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The results showed that all the cultures which were tested grows at 1000 ppm 2,4-D. Three cultures (Trichoderma viride. Asperoillus niqer and Isolat E (unidentified)) of the nine cultures are able to grow at 4000 ppm. T. viride grows well on Minimal Basal Media which contained glucose and 2000 ppm 2,4-D and produced the highest biomass (0.8660 g/l) than the others. The biomass of T. viride grew on MBM (without glucose) and added with 2000 ppm 2,4-D is 0,6520g/l. This indicated that the culture is tolerant to 2,4-D and able to use 2,4-D compound as energy and carbon sources for its growth. But we failed to prove the 2,4-D monooxygenase activity of supernatant of T. viride by measuring the changing of pH-value in the 2,4-D breakdown reaction.

PENELITIAN EKOLOGI HUT AN LAHAN PAMAH DI BARITO ULU, KALIMANTAN TENGAH: II. SERASAH DAN KANDUNGAN HARANYA [Ecological Studies of Lowland Forest in Barito Ulu, Central Kalimantan: II. Litterfall and Nutritional Content] Mirmanto, Edi
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

A study on litterfall and their nutrient content has been conducted in the Barito Ulu research station, Central Kalimantan. Five plots of 50m x 50m were established to describe the forest structure and floristic composition. In each plot 10 of 1m x 1m litter-traps were emplaced on 25-28 April 1994, and litterfaii (ieaves, branches, flowers+fruits and miscellaneous) was collected twice at the mid and the end of month from May 1994 until May 1995. The litterfall chemical analyses were made for sampbs collected in May, June, July 1994 (dry season) and November and December 1994 and January 1995 (wet season). The mean annual total litterfall in the five plots was 8,4 t ha yr< (range 7,3-9,5). The total litterfall was highest in October 1994 coinciding with the later part of dry season. The litterfall mineral-element concentrations and accession were below or within the range reported for other tropical forests. On the basis of Vitousek litter nutrient concentration hypothesis phosphorus tended to be more efficiently used than nitrogen. This means that growth of forest would be expected to be more limited by phosphorus. However the results of fertilization experiment in this forest suggested that primary production of forest might be more limited by nitrogen. This is a new information that primary production of lowland tropical forest was also limited by nitrogen. The results in detail of the fertilization experiment will be published separately.

ISOLAT-ISOLAT KHAMIR DARI MINUMAN TRADISIONAL LARU DI NTT [Yeast Diversity Deprived from Laru, a Traditional East Nusa Tenggara Drink] Rahmansyah, M; Kanti, A
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Sixteen isolates of yeast were collected from Law fa fermented palm sap or syrup which were tapped from palm infbrescence stalk of Borassus flabellifer L). Physiological performances were tested according to Bamett method for assimilation of some sources of carbon, nitrogen and cycloheximide. Based on the percentage of discrepancy, 6 isolates have been identified. The isolates were respected in high analogical affinity and identified as Arxula adeninovoras (93%), Lipomyces tetraspows (100%), Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (97%), Saccharomyces cerevisae (95%), Schwanniomyces occidentalis var. occidentalis (96%) and Pichia anomala (99%). The yeast that usually found in food fermentation was P. anomala, R. mucilaginosa and S. cerevisiae. The others yeast have great opportunity as indigenous ones.

KARAKTERISASI AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA BEBERAPA ASAM LEMAK ASKORBIL [Characterization of Antimicrobial Activity in Several Ascorbyl Fatty Acid] Naiola, Elidar
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v4i5.1249

The study is directed t investigate the antimicrobial activity f six ascorbyl fatty acids. The minimum concentrations were observed in ascorbyl caprate and ascorbyl laurate. Ascorbyl caprate was the strongest ester with the minimum inhibitory concentration (1,25-5 nM). Among microorganisms tested,S. cerevisiae was more senseitive than others. The sensitivity of S. cerevisiae was depending on the strains and S.cerevisiae OUT7054 was the most sensitive strain to the ascorbyl caprate which was the sterilizing agent rather than microbiostic agent.The antimicrobial activity of ascorbyl caprate was infuenced remarkably by temperature and pH.The most effective conditbns for sierilizatin of yeast were higher temperature and low pH.

KEMAMPUAN HIDUP KOLONI-KOLONI WERENG HIJAU Nephotettix virescens (Distant) PADA BEBERAPA GOLONGAN KETAHANAN VARIETAS PADI [Survival Rates of Green Leafhopper Nephotettix virescens (Distant) Colonies in Several Resistant Rice Varieties] Trisnaningsih, Trisnaningsih; Siwi, SS; Muhadjir, MM; Amir, M
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Rice Research Institute Bogor, on October 1996 to February 1997. The aim of the experiment was to study the survival rate and nymphal stages of these cobnies on a set group of rice varieties with different gen of resistance agains tungro disease. How far the source of resistance gen has been broken after the varieties have been planted by farmers alter several years. The source of colonies were taken from Bali, Central Java, West Java and South Sulawesi. Observation has been taken for the survival rate and the nymph period of each colony on each of varieties tested i. e. TO-Cisadane; T1-IR26; T2- Ciliwung; T3-IR 64 and T4-IR 72. The Completed Randomised Design was used to analyze the results. The results indicated that IR 72 still show resistance to N. virescens Bali colony and Centra! Java as shown from the longer of nymph periods compared to Cisadane as control variety. The survival rate was also still tow (21,66%), while on susceptible variety Cisadane reached around 66,66%. However, from West Java and South Sulawesi colonies, IR 72, no significant different has been found with Cisadane. IR26 and Ciliwung found to be resistant against colony of South Sulawesi as indicated from the low of survival rate i.e 10% and 28,33% respectively. IR 64 has been adapted for all colonies tested as shown from the higher of survival rate and the shorter of nymphs periods.

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