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Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 19783728     EISSN : 24429740     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry
The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) (e-ISSN:2442-9740; p-ISSN:1978-3728) is published by the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Its diciplinary focus is dental science and dental hygiene. The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) is published in English on a quarterly basis with each 50-60 page edition containing between nine and eleven scientific articles on research, study literature and case studies. Contributors to the Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) included: dental researchers, dental practitioners, lecturers, and students drawn from Indonesia and a wide range of other countries.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 59 No. 2 (2026)" : 15 Documents clear
Chimeric proteins consisting of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and a collagen-binding peptide: An in silico analysis Dhaniswari, Salma Najmi; Putri, Andi Amanda Artenia; Saninggar, Karina Erda; Abe, Fumika; Hirata, Isao; Kato, Koichi
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 59 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v59.i2.p160-165

Abstract

Background: To design functional chimeric proteins, the order of connected domains and the insertion of a linker between the domains need to be optimized for the proper folding of individual domains. Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effect of linker lengths and their flexibility, as well as domain arrangements. Methods: Focusing on a chimeric protein consisting of a bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) domain, a collagen-binding peptide derived from osteopontin (OPNP) or decorin (DECP), and different lengths of flexible (GGGGS)n or rigid (EAAAK)n linkers, the three-dimensional structure of these chimeric proteins was computationally analyzed using AlphaFold2. The predicted structure of the BMP2 domain was compared with the BMP2 reference structure. Root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) was determined between the backbone α-carbons in the predicted and reference structures to assess the structural integrity of the BMP2 domain. Results: The RMSD determined for the BMP2 chimeras decreased by inserting the flexible linkers, with relatively small RMSD in the case of OPNP-(GGGGS)1–4-BMP2 and DECP-(GGGGS)1–2-BMP2. In the case of the rigid linkers, the RMSD was slightly larger than in the case of the flexible linkers. Most of the RMSD values for the chimeric proteins binding to the receptor were smaller than those in the unbound state. Regarding the domain arrangements, a slightly smaller RMSD was observed in the case of N-terminal OPNP or DECP fusion with the flexible and rigid linkers than in the opposite cases. Conclusion: Adding OPNP or DECP at the N-terminus of the BMP2 domain through the flexible (GGGGS)1–3 linker is advantageous for the structural integrity of the BMP2 domain.
The effect of fluoride use, oral healthcare behavior, and water sources on the prevalence of dental caries in preschool-aged children in Thailand Korwanich, Kanyarat; Korwanich, Narumanas; Chakkrawan, Chittraphone
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 59 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v59.i2.p148-154

Abstract

Background: Since Thailand’s government implemented a regulation allowing 1,500 ppm of fluoride in over-the-counter toothpastes, a few studies have explored behaviors related to fluoride intake in areas high in natural fluoride. Purpose: This study aims to explore toothbrushing habits, water sources used for meal preparation, and toothpaste use among 4–5-year-olds to determine how these factors influence the prevalence of dental caries in preschool-aged children in areas with naturally occurring high levels of fluoride. Methods: A self-reporting questionnaire was prepared and distributed to the parents of 304 4–5-year-old schoolchildren in the Lamphun province of Thailand. The questionnaire was designed to assess toothbrushing habits, water sources used for meal preparation, and toothpaste use among young schoolchildren. Dental caries data were obtained from the annual school record of each child. Statistical analysis was performed to test the association between oral healthcare habits and dental caries prevalence at a significance level of 0.05. Results: More than ninety-five percent of respondents used fluoridated toothpaste with concentrations of 1,000–1,500 ppm, and 57.9% rinsed their mouths thoroughly after toothbrushing (i.e., until they “felt clean”). Most parents used bottled water for drinking, mixing milk, and cooking. Significant associations were found between dental caries prevalence and the use of fluoridated toothpaste; toothpaste fluoride concentrations; and water sources used for cooking, drinking, and mixing infant formula (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Despite living in an area with naturally high fluoride levels in water sources, most children used fluoridated toothpaste to prevent dental caries and bottled water with a lower fluoride concentration for cooking and drinking. The common practice of thoroughly rinsing the mouth with water highlights the need for advocacy around proper practices to effectively maintain fluoride ions in the oral cavity.
Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate and nano-hydroxyapatite on bone morphogenetic protein-2 expression and formation of odontoblast-like cells in rats with inflamed dental pulp Ismiyatin, Kun; Soetojo, Adioro; Sukaton; binti Tengku Ahmad Noor, Tengku Natasha Eleena; Sari, Paramita Tanjung; Anggraeni, Fridianty; Aini, Nisrina Qurrota; Maharani, Nadia Dwi
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 59 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v59.i2.p166-171

Abstract

Background: Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) have demonstrated promising bioactive properties for use in vital pulp therapy; EGCG exhibits antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects, whereas n-HA promotes osteogenic differentiation and dentin bridge formation. Purpose: To evaluate the combined effect of EGCG and n-HA on the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and the differentiation of odontoblast-like cells (OLCs) in rats with inflamed dental pulp. Methods: Fifty-four Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly assigned to six groups and anesthetized. Class I cavities were prepared on the occlusal surface of the maxillary right first molar using a 0.84-mm-diameter low-speed diamond bur, followed by pulp chamber perforation with a dental probe. The exposed pulps were treated with n-HA, EGCG, or a combination of both. Cavities were sealed using resin-modified glass ionomer cement; BMP-2 and OLC expression levels were evaluated on days 7 and 14. Results: On day 7, the mean number of OLCs was lowest in the n-HA group (2.667 ± 1.225) and highest in the combination group (8.889 ± 1.691). Tukey’s honestly significant difference test indicated significant differences between the combination group and both the n-HA and EGCG groups (P < 0.05). By day 14, the mean number of OLCs increased in all groups, with the combination group showing the highest value (12.443 ± 2.167). The Wilcoxon Mann–Whitney U test confirmed significant intergroup differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of EGCG and n-HA enhances BMP-2 expression levels and OLC differentiation, supporting its potential as a biologically active pulp capping material.
Association of salivary retinol-binding protein 4 levels with periodontal disease in obese and nonobese individuals: A case–control study Thaha, Mohamed; Rajasekar, Arvina
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 59 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v59.i2.p155-159

Abstract

Background: Periodontitis is an inflammatory infectious disease influenced by systemic inflammation, with obesity playing a key role in affecting human health and well-being. Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), an adipokine elevated in obesity, is involved in inflammatory signaling and may serve as a biomarker for periodontal disease. While previous studies assessed serum RBP4, saliva offers a noninvasive, site-specific medium. Evaluating salivary RBP4 may provide insights into periodontal medicine and obesity-associated inflammation. Purpose: To evaluate and compare salivary RBP4 levels in obese and nonobese individuals and examine their relationship with clinical periodontal indicators. Methods: This cross-sectional, case-control study consisted of 50 systemically healthy individuals (25 obese and 25 nonobese), aged 25–50 years. Probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were assessed. Unstimulated saliva samples were obtained, and RBP4 levels were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analyses involved independent t-tests and Pearson’s correlation. Results: Obese individuals showed substantially higher mean PPD (6.46 ± 1.02 mm), CAL (7.97 ± 1.46 mm), and salivary RBP4 concentration (24.18 ± 2.54 ng/mL) compared with their nonobese counterparts (PPD: 3.72 ± 0.12 mm; CAL: 4.02 ± 0.02 mm; RBP4: 9.26 ± 1.62 ng/mL) (p < 0.05). A strong, statistically significant correlation was found between RBP4 levels and both PPD and CAL in both groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Salivary RBP4 concentrations were elevated in obese individuals, with a strong correlation to periodontal clinical indices. These findings suggest that salivary RBP4 may have potential as a noninvasive indicator of inflammatory activity in obesity-associated periodontal disease, warranting further investigation in larger, longitudinal studies.
Therapeutic potential of thymoquinone gel in stage II grade A periodontitis: a prospective clinical and biochemical evaluation Nedumaran, Nivedha; Rajasekar, Arvina
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 59 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v59.i2.p172-177

Abstract

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory oral disease influenced by microbial plaque and oxidative stress, affecting human health and wellbeing. Conventional therapy with scaling and root planing (SRP) may benefit from adjunctive medicine with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Thymoquinone, derived from Nigella sativa, has shown promise in modulating oxidative stress and inflammation. However, there is limited clinical evidence regarding its adjunctive use in non-surgical periodontal therapy. Purpose: This clinical study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 0.2% thymoquinone gel as an adjunct to SRP in treating stage II grade A periodontitis. Methods: Thirty patients diagnosed with stage II grade A periodontitis were randomly divided into two groups: Group 1 (Control), receiving SRP alone (n = 15), and Group 2 (Test), receiving SRP with 0.2% thymoquinone gel (n = 15). Clinical parameters, including the gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), clinical attachment level (CAL), and probing pocket depth (PPD), were assessed. Additionally, oxidative stress index (OSI), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured in unstimulated saliva samples. Evaluations were conducted at baseline and three months post-treatment. Statistical analyses were employed to compare outcomes within and between groups. Results: Both groups demonstrated significant intragroup improvements (p < 0.05) in TOS, TAOC, CAL, PPD, GI, PI, and OSI from baseline to three months. However, intergroup comparisons revealed that Group 2 showed significantly greater improvement (p < 0.05) in all parameters except PI, which remained statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The adjunctive use of 0.2% thymoquinone gel with SRP resulted in significantly greater improvements in clinical parameters (PPD, CAL, GI) and salivary oxidative stress markers (TOS, OSI, TAOC) compared with SRP alone. The study supports the potential role of thymoquinone as an adjunctive antioxidant agent in improving nonsurgical management of stage II grade A periodontitis.

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