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INDONESIA
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal
Published by The Prodia Education and Research Institute
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Public Health
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 8, No 3 (2016)" : 7 Documents clear
Inhibition of Xanthine Oxidase Activity by Ethanolic Extract of Piperomia pellucida L., Acacypha indica L. and Momordica charantia L. Parawansah Parawansah; Nuralifah Nuralifah; Gemini Alam; Rosdiana Natzir
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 8, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v8i3.194

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Uric acid is a final result of purine catabolism, the enzymatic reactions in the body cells from amino acids or ribonucleotide dinucleotide. Peperomia pellucida L. (P. pellucida), Acalypha indica L. (A. indica) and Momordica charantia L. (M. charantia) are plants which have efficacy to reduce levels of uric acid excess. The aim of this research is to find out the effect of ethanol extract of P. pellucida, A. indica and M. charantia in preventing the formation of uric acid excess by inhibiting the action of the enzyme xanthine oxidase and comparing the inhibition activity of xanthine oxidase on treatments.METHODS: The study design is experimental and conducted using the enzyme xanthine oxidase, xanthine (substrate), pH 7.5 phosphate buffer, samples (P. pellucida, A. indica and M. charantia ethanol extracts) and HCL as reaction breaker. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase was determined enzymatically and unreacted xanthine was measured by UV spectrophotometer at 290 nm. The data were expressed as percent inhibition and the inhibitory concentration (IC)50 were determined using linear regresion of inhibition activity vs. concentration.RESULTS: The IC50 of P. pellucida, A. indica and M. charantia ethanol extracts in inhibiting xanthine oxidase were 19.5 ppm, 77.6 ppm and 17.8 ppm, respectively. IC50 of allopurinol was 1.99 μg/ml, and negative control (combination of enzyme and substrate) has absorbance value of 0.75026.CONCLUSION: Ethanol extract of M. charantia showed the most potent inhibition toward xanthine oxidase compared to the other two extracts.KEYWORDS: xanthine oxidase, Peperomia pellucida L., Acalypha indica L., Momordica charantia L.
The Correlation between Glycemic Characteristic and Erythrocyte Indices in Obesity Dharma Lindarto; Santi Syafril; Dairion Gatot
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 8, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v8i3.215

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Elevated blood glucose level is a major factor in development of diabetic complications due to unfavorable hyperglycemic induced biochemical as well as hematological indices changes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between glycemic characteristic and erythrocyte indices in obese subjects with different glycemic status.METHODS: Cross cross-sectional study was designed, and 80 obese subjects were enrolled. The correlations between glycemic characteristic (fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)) and erythrocyte indices (Hb, red blood count (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)) were evaluated.RESULTS: Of 80 obese subjects with different glycemic status, there were 48 patients with only obesity (HbA1c <5.7%), 19 patients with pre-diabetes (HbA1c 5.7-6.4%) and 13 patients with diabetes (HbA1c >6.4%). Glycemic characteristic and profile lipid (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG)) were differ significantly in the different HbA1c level. Erythrocyte indices were not differ significantly in the different HbA1c level. Partial Spearman's correlation analysis showed that only MCV was significantly correlated with glycemic characteristic of FPG, PPG, HbA1c and HOMA-IR (r=-0.36, p=0.001; r=-0.29, p=0.007; r=-0.27, p=0.014 and r=-0.236, p=0.035; respectively).CONCLUSION: MCV was significantly correlated with glycemic characteristic (FPG, PPG, HbA1C and HOMAIR). Further investigations are recommended.KEYWORDS: MCV, glycemic-characteristic, HbA1c, erythrocyte indices
Measurement of Motor Evoked Potential in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Based on Latency, Amplitude, Central Motoric Conduction Time and Resting Motor Threshold Tugas Ratmono; Andi Wijaya; Cahyono Kaelan; Andi Asadul Islam; Ferry Sandra
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 8, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v8i3.208

Abstract

BACKGROUND: After stroke, there are dynamic changes of motor evoked potential (MEP), including latency, amplitude, central motoric conduction time (CMCT) and resting motor threshold (RMT) in cerebral. However, latency, CMCT, amplitude and RMT have not been clearly shown in acute ischemic stroke patients with motoric function impairment based on Modified Motoric Research Council Scale (MRCs).METHODS: Patients with motoric function impairment after acute ischemic stroke were recruited, scored based on MRCs and grouped. Latency, amplitude, CMCT and RMT (% intensity) was measured using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Latency, amplitude, CMCT and RMT of subjects based on affected hemisphere (AH) and unaffected hemisphere (UH); stroke onset; and motoric severity; were analyzed and compared statistically.RESULTS: Thirty-seven subjects with complete assessments were selected. Results of MEP size measurement between AH and UH showed that latency, amplitude, CMCT and RMT of AH and UH were significantly different (p<0.05). In accordance to AH and UH results, latency, amplitude, CMCT and RMT of mild, moderate and severe groups based on motoric severity, showed that latency and CMCT were prolonged, RMT was increased, while amplitude was decreased along with severity increment. The amplitude and RMT among the groups were significantly different with p=0.034 and p=0.029, respectively.CONCLUSION: MEP size measurement including latency, amplitude, CMCT and RMT have significant different in AH and UH. In addition, amplitude and RMT were significantly different in MRCs groups, therefore the MEP size measurement could be suggested as prognostic tool.KEYWORDS: MEP, latency, amplitude, CMCT, RMT
Antibacterial Activity of Eel (Anguilla spp.) Mucus against Salmonella typhi Tomy Nurtamin; Resty Yulianita Nurman; Indria Hafizah
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 8, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v8i3.231

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Typhoid fever has become one global health problem. Typhoid fever is caused by a Gram-negative bacterium, Salmonella typhi. Eel (Anguilla spp.) is a fish which lives in the sea or in freshwater. Several previous studies have found that Anguilla spp. mucus has the ability as antibacterial against Gram-positive and negative. Although the antibacterial activity of Anguilla spp. against various pathogens had been reported, very little is known about its activity against Salmonella typhi. The aim of this study was to investigate antibacterial activity of Anguilla spp. mucus against Salmonella typhi bacteria.METHODS: Present study was an experimental in vitro test. Antibacterial activity assays were carried out by the disc diffusion method. Antibacterial activity was determined by the clear zone formed around the paper disc and minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by observing the lowest concentration which could inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi.RESULTS: Result of the present study showed that the Anguilla spp. mucus has inhibitory effects against Salmonella typhi. Minimum inhibitory concentration from the Anguilla spp. mucus was 12.5%.CONCLUSION: Anguilla spp. mucus has antibacterial activity against the Salmonella typhi bacteria.KEYWORDS: eel fish mucus, Anguilla spp., antibacterial activity, Salmonella typhi
PPAR-gamma Signaling in Metabolic Homeostasis Rina Triana; Nurrani Mustika Dewi; Siska Darmayanti; Eka Herawati; Maria Novalentina; Made Putra Semadhi; Miftakh Nur Rahman
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 8, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v8i3.209

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ, or also known as nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group C member 3 (NR1C3), is a PPAR which serves as master regulator of adipocytes differentiation, and plays an important role in lipid metabolism or adipogenesis. Recent study showed that PPAR-γ is expressed in most tissue and also has critical impact in many metabolic homeostasis disorders.CONTENT: Dysregulation of PPAR-γ is correlated to the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, acute kidney injury, autoimmune disease, gastrointestinal disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Abundant number of new emerging compounds, with in vitro and in vivo effectiveness as natural and synthetic agonists of PPARs, are investigated, developed and used as the treatment of metabolic disorders of glucose and/or lipid and other diseases.SUMMARY: Based on all studies explanation, targeting PPAR-γ is proven to be a good therapeutic method for reducing negative effect of several metabolic homeostasis disorder. Now, many natural and synthetic agonists of PPARs are used as the treatment of metabolic disorders of glucose and/or lipid or another metabolic homeostasis disorder. Such agonists have different properties and specificities for individual PPARs receptors, different absorption and distribution, and distinctive gene expression profiles, which ultimately lead to different clinical outcomes.KEYWORDS: PPAR-γ, dysregulation, agonist, adipogenesis, metabolic disorder, homeostasis
The Comparative and Usefulness of Platelet Distribution Width in Acute Coronary Syndrome Idar Mappangara; Ali Aspar Mappahya; Sheila Witjaksono
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 8, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v8i3.219

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Identifying risk factors for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is important for both diagnostic and prognostic purposes. Abnormal platelet parameters, mainly platelet count (PC), mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) are thought to be among these risk factors because platelet activation plays a pivotal role in ACS. PDW is a more specific marker of platelet activation, since it does not increase during simple platelet swelling. In this study, the comparison of risk factors along with the PDW between Non ST-Elevation ACS (NSTEACS) and ST-Elevation ACS (STEACS) were investigated.METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study, patients with ACS that admitted at dr.Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital Makassar since December 2014 to March 2015 who undergo coronary angiography were enrolled. All data variables were taken according to the medical record. PDW was taken on first blood examination at hospital admission. Data was significant if p-value <0.05 and was processed with SPSS version 16.RESULTS: A total of 63 patients were enrolled. There were significantly higher PDW (p=0.047) in STEACS group (13.7±2.0 fL) than in NSTEACS group (12.6±2.3 fL). There were a significant positive correlation between PDW value and SYNTAX scores (Pearson, r=0.552, p=0.000). Cardiovascular risk factors such as history of ACS before (p=0.049 & OR=10.216) and dyslipidemia (p=0.049 & OR=3.915) along with PDW (p=0.003 & OR=1.733) were significant predictor of the incidence of multivessel disease in patient with ACS.CONCLUSION: An increased PDW may predicting more severe disease in ACS based on incidence of STEACS and multivessel disease more often and higher SYNTAX score.KEYWORDS: platelet distribution width, PDW, acute coronary syndrome, ACS, multivessel disease, SYNTAX
Personalized Medicine: The Future of Health Care Anna Meiliana; Nurrani Mustika Dewi; Andi Wijaya
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 8, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v8i3.271

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Most medical treatments have been designed for the “average patients”. As a result of this “one-size-fits-all-approach”, treatments can be very successful for some patients but not for others. The issue is shifting by the new innovation approach in diseases treatment and prevention, precision medicine, which takes into account individual differences in people’s genes, environments, and lifestyles. This review was aimed to describe a new approach of healthcare performance strategy based on individual genetic variants.CONTENT: Researchers have discovered hundreds of genes that harbor variations contributing to human illness, identified genetic variability in patients’ responses to different of treatments, and from there begun to target the genes as molecular causes of diseases. In addition, scientists are developing and using diagnostic tests based on genetics or other molecular mechanisms to better predict patients’ responses to targeted therapy.SUMMARY: Personalized medicine seeks to use advances in knowledge about genetic factors and biological mechanisms of disease coupled with unique considerations of an individual’s patient care needs to make health care more safe and effective. As a result of these contributions to improvement in the quality of care, personalized medicine represents a key strategy of healthcare reform.KEYWORDS: precision medicine, genomic, proteomic, metabolomic

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