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STUDY ON OCEANGRAFHIC AND WEATHER CONDITIONS RELATED TO THE ABUNDANCE OF SMALL PELAGIC FISHERY IN NATUNA SEA USING REMOTE SENSING DATA Teguh Prayogo; I Wayan Arthana
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 4 No 1
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Indonesian waters have abundance of natural resources; the potential of small pelagic fish in Natuna Sea and SouthChina Sea have not been optimized yet explores. Unfortunately, it was caused by lacking in the data of environmentalconditions that have been changed and the information of appropriate fishing ground. Hence, dynamical oceanographicinformation and weather condition is necessary to optimize small pelagic fish exploitation.Research location in Natuna Sea and its surrounding with geographical position is 08°N–03°S; 103°–111°E. Theoceanographic condition representative by monthly SST, Chl-a, SSH that derived from satellite data and Dipole ModeIndex for 2002-2007 from FRCGC website. Monthly wind data is variable for weather condition. Small pelagic fishabundance representative by annual fish production (2002-2005) and monthly Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE) ofGoldstripe sardinella, Bigeye scad and Indian scad (2006). It was data collected from Directorate General of CaptureFisheries (Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries) and daily fishing operation (2007) used to calculate match-up ratiothat was collected from Pemangkat fishing port in West Kalimantan. Research process consists of image processing,descriptive correlation analysis and GIS analysis to predict fishing ground map and match-up ratio calculation.Result of this research is the annual fish catch production of Bigeye scad and Indian scad (2002-2005) is tend toincrease and the monthly CPUE of both species is high during SE Monsoon (May-Sep) that is condition contrarily in NWMonsoon (Nov-Apr). Meanwhile, the annual fish catch production of Goldstripe sardinella production is tend to decreasefrom 2002-2005, it has CPUE is high in early SE Monsoon (May). During the SE Monsoon (May-Sep) when DM Index ispositive (+) the Indian scad and Bigeye scad production is high, for Goldstripe sardinella the fish production is highwhen DM Index is positive (+) in May. The accuracy of prediction map of small pelagic fishing ground in Natuna Sea isabout 0.61, 0.76 and 0.81 for Goldstripe sardinella, Indian scad and Bigeye scad, respectively.

KAJIAN STRATEGIS PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI EKOWISATA DI LEMBAH BALIEM SEBAGAI SUATU ALTERNATIF PENGELOLAAN PARIWISATA BERKELANJUTAN BONI ASSO; IB ADNYANA MANUABA; I NYOMAN SUNARTA
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 4 No 1
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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An alternative that could contribute positively to the conservation of the environment is the development ofecotourism based on consistency in adopting its principles. As an initial step in the development of attractive ecotourismobject, ideally an inventory should be made first in order to avoid mistakes that could happen. Lembah Baliem area is sorich in potential ecotourism resources which, however, have not yet been managed on the basis of the concept ofecotourism approach. Based on such background this research accommodates the potential available in Lembah Baliemarea in order to learn the possibility of developing sustainable ecotourism there. The objective of this research is to knowthe potential for developing ecotourism, to learn the obstacles to be faced, and to set the strategy for the development ofecotourism resources to be adopted for Lembah Baliem.This research is conducted in Lembah Baliem area, which administratively belongs to the regency of Jayawijaya,Papua Province. The data used in this research include both qualitative and quantitative data in accordance with the needof the research. The data also include both the primary and secondary data. The sampling in this research is based on nontestdata collecting instrument, in which the data is obtained through interview, questionnaire, observation, and documentation. Finally, the data already collected is categorized, discussed and analyzed using the SWOT matrix underSHIP approach.The research identification result shows that Lembah Baliem area has fairly varied and natural ecotourism resources,such as: 8 caves, 8 location of festival shows, 3 historical monuments, 3 biggest likes, 4 mummies, 4 beautyfull panaromesite, The obstacles of Baliem Ecotourism development are distance, stakeholder participation, knowledge of ecotourismconcept still limited and the index of tourist visiting still low. Tourism development in Lembah Baliem still concerned tomass tourism management strategy. According the result could be concluded that the ecotourism potential to bedeveloped, bud the development blocked by accessibility and human resources, so it should be solve out by 11 strategicsolution. The handling of those obstacle need stakeholder involving base of sustainable ecotourism development, thengive priority for straight access to West Papua.

STUDI KUALITAS PERAIRAN PADA KEGIATAN BUDIDAYA TIRAM MUTIARA (Pinctada maxima) DI KECAMATAN GEROKGAK, KABUPATEN BULELENG, BALI apri i supi'i; Wayan Arthana
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 4 No 1
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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The purpose of this study were to know the effect of pearl oyster culture activities to the water quality(physical, chemical, biological parameters), and the sediment of culture site, waters quality status of pearloyster culture site as well.The research was done at 10 stations, which were 9 stations located around pearl oyster culture site, and1 station located at out of pearl oyster culture site (as control). Results showed that the sources of pollutionwere from pearl oyster feces and biofouling produced from cleaning of pocket and its shell. An in organicmatter of the feces produced (50.52-78.75 %) was higher than the organic matter (21.25-49.48 %). The amountof biofoulling trash increased with the size and dominated by organic matter. Sea water quality observed wasunder sea water quality standard of marine organism (aquaculture) decided by government, except phosphate.Twenty four species of plankton collected, consist of 4 phylum, that were Bacillarophyta (diatom),Protozoa, Arthropoda, and Mollusca. Plankton Diversity Index showed the level of low to high pollutioncondition indicated ecological suppression and decreasing of waters quality. The amount of total bacteria andVibrio spp. at all stations were normal, that was less than 106 cfu/ml.Integrated physical, chemical and biological parameters assessment found that pollution index was 2-3,mean of low pollution. Result of Cluster assessment indicate that there was real characteristic differentiationbetween first group (1-9) and second group (control). First group was around the pearl oyster culture waters,and second group was out of the pearl oyster culture waters. So the pearl oyster culture activities affected thewaters quality.

STUDI KUALITAS UDARA DI SEKITAR SUNGAI TELAGAWAJA, DESA MUNCAN, KABUPATEN KARANGASEM BALI I WAYAN ARTHANA
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 4 No 1
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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The research was done in surrounding Telagawaja River at Muncan Village, Karangasem Regency, Bali at October2008. The aim of the research was to know the air quality condition in that area. There were six air quality parametersmeasured at three different sites. The content of NO2 at the air varied 24,29-31,87 ?g/m3 was higher than that in GunaksaBeach where there are no activities at all but it was lower than that in Sawangan Nusa Dua where full of tourismactivities. The level of SO2 at the range of 34,44-44,97 ?g/m3 was lower than that in Padangbai Harbour where full ofhuman activities and transportations. The content of dust at the range of 105,82 ?g/m3, CO at the range of 497,78-568,89?g/m3, Pb at the range of 0,250-0,792 ?g/m3. The level of noise at the range of 40,33-53,79 dB(A) was lower than that invillage community at Kubu, Karangasem Regency and also lower than that in Sawangan Beach of Nusa Dua. All the airquality parameters are not yet over than standard of safe air quality level.

HUBUNGAN KEPADATAN KENDARAAN DENGAN GAS KARBON MONOKSIDA UDARA AMBIEN DAN KARBOKSIHEMOGLOBIN JURU PARKIR DI JALAN GAJAH MADA DENPASAR I M BULDA MAHAYANA; I W BUDIARSA SUYASA; I D A ALIT LAKSMIWATI
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 4 No 1
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Gajah Mada street is the main road in Denpasar to access traditional market in Badung and Kumbasari Market. It iscrowded street with many vehicles pass through it. As a result, this could increase the level of emission gas such asambient monoxide carbon gas which could affect the concentration of carboxyhemoglobin, exposure time and subjectivecomplaints of sample.his was a cross sectional study of 12 parking man. Data was mainly collected from measurements including thedensity of vehicles, vehicles type, oil fuel type, vehicle age, ambient monoxide carbon gas, carboxyhaemoglobin,exposure time and subjective complaints of sample.The study found that the average of vehicle density mean per day was 91.338 unit or 3.805,8 unit per hour (veryhigh). The biggest type of vehicle percentage was motorbike 81%, followed by vehicles using premium fuel 93,7%. Theage of vehicles below 10 years was 55%. The mean of monoxide carbon gases concentration was 585,96 ?g/m³ per day(mean). The mean of weather situation including humidity was 82,7%, temperature 27,6ºC, eastward wind direction, faircloudy an wind speed about 1,76 m/second. The average of carboxyhaemoglobin concentration in 12 parking man was3.8% (very low). The mean of exposure time was 125 minutes. It was noted that there were 9 samples (75%) withcomplaints and 3 samples (25%) without any complaints.The study concluded that the highest numbers or vehicle density it is very high categories. Monoxide carbon gasconcentration it is mean categories and was under threshold limit value. The highest numbers or vehicle density and Monoxide carbon gas concentration between 14.00-16.00 pm and. There was a significant correlation between vehicledensity and ambient monoxide carbon gas. The measurement of carboxyhaemoglobin concentration it is very lowcategories. It also found that the exposure time correlated with the level carboxyhaemoglobin of parking mansignificantly.It is suggested that the Government of Denpasar City should implement free parking area particularly in crowdedtraffic time, develop city garden and propose the community to use low fuel emission for vehicles.

JENIS-JENIS HERBA DAN LIANA DI DESA PELIATAN, UBUD-BALI, KEPERCAYAAN MASYARAKAT DAN MITOS YANG BERKEMBANG TENTANG TUMBUHAN TERSEBUT I Ketut Muksin; A. A. G. Raka Dalem; Martin Joni
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 4 No 1
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Penelitian dilaksanakan di wilayah Desa Peliatan, Kecamatan Ubud, Kabupaten Gianyar-Bali tahun 2005-2006.Penelitian dilakukan dengan menyelusuri jalur-jalur jalan yang ada di wilayah desa sambil mencatat jenis herba dan lianayang ditemukan. Tumbuhan ini ini kemudian dicek statusnya (dilindungi atau tidak), pemanfaatan, serta mitos yangberkembang dalam masyarakat tentang tumbuhan tersebut. Dari hasil studi ini telah berhasil diidentifkasi 100 jenis herbadan liana. Dilihat dari segi pemanfaatanya, bagian terbesar dari herba dan liana ini, yaitu mencapai 50% pemanfaatannyamerupakan kombinasi dari tanaman hias, bahan makanan, tanaman upakara serta campuran antara tanaman upakara danbahan makanan. Sebanyak 40% dimanfaatkan untuk penggunaan lainnya, serta 10% sisanya merupakan gulma, yangrelatif belum dimanfaatkan secara nyata oleh masyarakat. Dilihat dari segi mitosnya, 12% dari tumbuhan herba dan lianadi Desa Peliatan memiliki mitos. Sepuluh (10) jenis (atau 83% diantaranya) mempunyai mitos atau kepercayaan yangbernilai positif sedangkan yang negatif hanya 2 jenis (17 %). Dilihat dari segi perlindungan, maka dari jenis-jenis herbadan liana tersebut tidak ada yang termasuk jenis-jenis yang dilindungi peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku diIndonesia.

EVALUASI PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA DI KAWASAN TAHURA NGURAH RAI PUTU IKA WAHYUNI; IPG ARDHANA; I NYOMAN SUNARTA
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 4 No 1
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Since January 1992 MIC has initiate Tahura Ngurah Rai are as a ecotourism area, offering programs such as :Mangrove Education Tour & Tracking, Bird Watching; Finishing; Mangrove Tree Plantation or Adoption, Canoeing, andBoating programs. However, its growth has not me the management’s targets in term of the number of visitors, improvedfacilities available, and the surrounding Tahura are – especially its cleanliness-these are far from expectation standard.The evaluation of eco-tourism area of Tahura is aimed at understanding the profile of the eco-tourism area and tounderstand to what extent the ecotourism has met criteria/principles issued in the national workshop. This ecotourism willoffer recommendations designed in relation to programs that has not been working so far after identifying obstacles oftheir implementation.The method used in the evaluation of this eco-tourism area I descriptive analysis by analyzing interview data,observations, and literature studies. These descriptive data then are measured against criteria and principles of nationaleco-tourism.Since March 12, 2007 Mangrove forest area is under the management of BPHM-wil-I continuing JICA ICprogram. Facilities available in the area are as follows; Wood Trails, 5 Huts along the trail, Floating Decks, 2 ViewingTowers; MIC/BPHM Office Building, Touch Pools, Seeding area, and a Monitor Pool. These facilities right now are stillin good condition and can be used to implement the eco-tourism programs.From the 6 programs offered, the Mangrove Education Tour & Tracking Program gets the most interests fromvisitors than the other 5 programs. From 9 criteria used to evaluate the programs, the outcome is as follows: 1) Beingsensitive to and respecting socio-cultural values and religious tradition of local community (88% met); 2) Showingconcern, commitment, and responsibility to natural conservation and cultural heritage (95,24% met); 3) Provideinterpretation that facilities visitors to enjoy nature and increase their awareness and concern for nature (85,71% met); 4)Educational in which there is a mutual learning between visitors and community (100% met); 5) Its development be basedon local community through agreement (20% met); 6) Empower and optimize participant and at the same time bring forthon going contribution to the local community (0% met), 7) To go by existing rules and law (100% met); 8) Consistentlysatisfy the visitors (50% met), 9) Being marketed and promoted openly and accurately to meet expectation – that is amarketing responsibility (100% met). Generally the result from comparison between ecotourism program withprincipal/criteria are as follows : from nine principles that already explained only the fifth and sixth principal whose itsdevelopment less than 50%, based on those condition above it can be conclude that mangrove ecotourism developmentalready fulfill the principal/criteria of national ecotourism. Important points of recommendations to the management areas follows; community participation; retributions, waste management; improvement of programs that are not working;and eco-tourism management under a solid institution.

EVALUATION OF TUNA FISHING GROUND IN SOUTHERN COAST OF JAVA - SUMBAWA SEA USING SATELLITE OBSERVED DATA MOKHLAS SATIBI; TAKAHIRO OSAWA; I WAYAN ARTHANA
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 4 No 1
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Potential fishery in territorial water of South Java - Sumbawa Sea has not been exploited maximally. Tuna is one of fisherypotency in the territorial water of South Java - Sumbawa. Tuna is the important economic value because it represent one ofexporting commodity enthused by overseas consumer.Research was conducted in the Southern Java – Sumbawa, Indian Ocean 90 S - 160 S; 1060 E - 1210 E, using fish catch data2003 – 2006. Research location is in the inclusive Region of Fishery Management IX (DKP and PKSPL, 2003). Data weretaken from a daily fish catch of PT. Perikanan Samudra Besar (PSB) Benoa Bali 2003 - 2006.Sea level anomaly (SLA) data were estimated from Altimetry satellite (Jason 1), wind speed data was from Scatterometersatellite and sea surface temperature (SST) data was from Microwave satellite.Based on the result of this research, sea level anomaly of southern coast of Java-Sumbawa was fluctuated according tomonsoon. The highest bigeye tuna fish catched was 40 tuna in June 2003 and the lowest bigeye tuna fish was 2 tuna inNovember 2005. Maximum SLA observe during southeast monsoon was 21.77 cm in august 2005, while minimum SLAobserved during southeast monsoon was -18.15 cm in October 2003. Sea surface temperature of southern coast of Java-Sumbawa also fluctuated according to monsoon. Maximum SST observed during northwest monsoon was 30.450 C in March2006, while minimum SST observed during southeast monsoon was 25.050 C in August 2006. The highest wind speed was10.20 m/sec in June 2004 and the lowest was 2.00 m/sec in October 2004. Wind direction was reversely changed according tomonsoon. Northwest wind monsoon flew eastward and southeast wind monsoon flew westward.Fish production in PT PSB had been done over 4 years since 2003, in northwest and southwest monsoon in constant areaand correlation of linier regression among estimate of fish catching using SLA, SST and wind speed had no correlation. Withfish production during southwest monsoon PT PSB set in SLA negative in different temperature of 30 C, wind speed of 2.00m/sec and with abundant of fish catched. Meanwhile in northeast monsoon that was in positive SLA the fish catching was inlow number.

STUDI KUALITAS PERAIRAN PADA KEGIATAN BUDIDAYA TIRAM MUTIARA (Pinctada maxima) DI KECAMATAN GEROKGAK, KABUPATEN BULELENG, BALI APRI. I. SUPII; I W Arthana
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 4 No 1
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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The purpose of this study were to know the effect of pearl oyster culture activities to the water quality(physical, chemical, biological parameters), and the sediment of culture site, waters quality status of pearloyster culture site as well.The research was done at 10 stations, which were 9 stations located around pearl oyster culture site, and1 station located at out of pearl oyster culture site (as control). Results showed that the sources of pollutionwere from pearl oyster feces and biofouling produced from cleaning of pocket and its shell. An in organicmatter of the feces produced (50.52-78.75 %) was higher than the organic matter (21.25-49.48 %). The amountof biofoulling trash increased with the size and dominated by organic matter. Sea water quality observed wasunder sea water quality standard of marine organism (aquaculture) decided by government, except phosphate.Twenty four species of plankton collected, consist of 4 phylum, that were Bacillarophyta (diatom),Protozoa, Arthropoda, and Mollusca. Plankton Diversity Index showed the level of low to high pollutioncondition indicated ecological suppression and decreasing of waters quality. The amount of total bacteria andVibrio spp. at all stations were normal, that was less than 106 cfu/ml.Integrated physical, chemical and biological parameters assessment found that pollution index was 2-3,mean of low pollution. Result of Cluster assessment indicate that there was real characteristic differentiationbetween first group (1-9) and second group (control). First group was around the pearl oyster culture waters,and second group was out of the pearl oyster culture waters. So the pearl oyster culture activities affected thewaters quality.

THE APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING IN TOURISM AT NUSA DUA TOURIST RESORT OF BALI ISLAND Putu Gede Eka Darmaputra; I Wayan Redi Aryanta
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 4 No 1
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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The aim of this research is to determine the tourist products and to know whether the visual interpretation of remotesensing and GIS tecnology can be applied in tourism in Nusa Dua Tourist Resort. In the preparation stage, it is necessaryto combine data ALOS satellite image with identity ALAV2A044933780 with map, and followed with visualinterpretation of satellite image to obtain temporary results concerning tourist products in Nusa Dua tourist resort. Theresult of satellite visual interpretation was cross checked by insite observations to compare the potentials of coral reef atsea and tourist product on the ground. The combination visual interpretation of satellite image and in site observation oftourist product in Nusa Dua tourist resort enables to obtain spatial mapping for tourism in Nusa Dua tourist resort

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