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All Journal JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS EDUCATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP Journal of Mathematics, Computation and Statistics (JMATHCOS) International Journal of Economics, Science, and Education (IJESE)
Fahmi Ashari S. Sihaloho
Universitas Negeri Medan
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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Multivariate Analysis of Regional Economic Resilience Capacity Using PCA, Gaussian Mixture Model, and Random Forest Dian Septiana; Fanny Ramadhani; Sisti Nadia Amalia; Fahmi Ashari S. Sihaloho
Journal of Mathematics, Computations and Statistics Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Volume 09 Issue 02 (June 2026)
Publisher : Jurusan Matematika FMIPA UNM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/qbm5kx46

Abstract

Economic resilience capacity has become an important issue in regional development because socio-economic disparities influence the ability of regions to adapt to structural pressures and external disturbances. However, measuring regional resilience capacity remains challenging due to the multidimensional and interrelated nature of socio-economic indicators. This study analyses regional economic resilience capacity in North Sumatra using an integrated multivariate statistical and machine learning framework combining Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), and Random Forest. PCA was employed to construct a composite Economic Resilience Capacity Index (ERCI) from socio-economic indicators, while GMM clustering was applied to identify regional typologies within the reduced dimensional space. The initial clustering estimation identified North Nias as an extreme singleton cluster, indicating the presence of an outlier observation. After excluding the outlier, the final GMM model selected a four-cluster spherical covariance structure based on the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). A comparison with K-means clustering produced different optimal grouping structures, indicating sensitivity to clustering assumptions and the complexity of regional socio-economic patterns. The first two principal components explained approximately 72% of the total variance, indicating adequate representation of the dominant socio-economic structure. The geographical distribution of clusters reveals substantial regional heterogeneity, where regions in the Nias area are concentrated within the low resilience capacity cluster, while urban and economically integrated regions form distinct growth-oriented clusters. Random Forest analysis indicates that unemployment and poverty related indicators are the most influential variables in distinguishing regional resilience typologies. Furthermore, the comparison between ERCI and GMM results shows that regions with relatively similar index values may still belong to different clusters, indicating that regional resilience patterns do not necessarily follow a single linear socio-economic structure. These findings suggest that regional economic resilience capacity in North Sumatra is shaped by multidimensional structural disparities rather than by a single composite index alone.
Green Economy In The Perspective Of Sustainable Development Keila Putri Zhafrani; Fahmi Ashari S. Sihaloho
International Journal of Economics, Science, and Education Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): International Journal of Economics, Science, and Education (IJESE)
Publisher : CV Pena Jaya Pers

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65254/ijese.v3i3.85

Abstract

Purpose: The green economy has emerged as a strategic approach to achieving sustainable development by integrating economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social inclusion. As global concerns regarding climate change, environmental degradation, and resource scarcity continue to intensify, governments, businesses, and researchers have increasingly emphasized the importance of transitioning toward a greener economic model. This study aims to systematically review and synthesize the existing literature on the green economy from a sustainable development perspective, focusing on its key concepts, determinants, implementation strategies, and socioeconomic and environmental impacts. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study employs a systematic literature review (SLR) approach by analyzing peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2015 and 2025 and indexed in reputable academic databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The review process follows the PRISMA guidelines to ensure methodological rigor, transparency, and replicability. Relevant articles were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and analyzed using thematic synthesis. Findings: The findings reveal that the green economy is primarily characterized by renewable energy development, green innovation, circular economy practices, sustainable consumption and production, and efficient resource utilization. The literature indicates that government policies, technological advancement, environmental awareness, financial support, and stakeholder collaboration are critical factors influencing the successful implementation of green economy initiatives. Furthermore, green economy practices contribute positively to economic growth, employment generation, environmental protection, carbon emission reduction, and long-term sustainable development. Research Limitations/Implications: This review is limited to selected academic databases and English-language publications, which may affect the comprehensiveness of the findings. Future research is encouraged to conduct empirical studies examining the effectiveness of green economy initiatives in developing countries and across different industrial sectors. Practical Implications: The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, business leaders, and development practitioners in designing and implementing strategies that support sustainable economic transformation and environmental stewardship. Originality/Value: This study offers a comprehensive synthesis of green economy literature and identifies emerging trends and research gaps that can guide future scholarly investigations and policy development. Paper Type: Literature Review
Economic Literacy Research Worldwide: Insights from a Scopus Bibliometric Map Fahmi Ashari S. Sihaloho; Fadli Agus Triansyah
Journal of Economics Education and Entrepreneurship Vol 7, No 2 (2026): JEE, AUGUST 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Ekonomi FKIP Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jee.v7i2.17089

Abstract

Economic literacy has become increasingly strategic amid ongoing digitalization and macroeconomic uncertainty; however, its research landscape has yet to be comprehensively mapped across themes, actors, and publication channels. Method: This study employs a Scopus-based bibliometric analysis (search conducted on September 26, 2025) using the keyword “economic literacy” in titles, abstracts, and keywords. From an initial 287 records, 259 English-language documents (articles, conference papers, and reviews) were selected through relevance and inclusion–exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using Excel, Publish or Perish, and VOSviewer to map publication trends, affiliations, sources/journals, countries, and keyword networks (co-authorship, co-citation, co-occurrence, and overlay). Results: Publications have risen sharply since 2016, peaking in 2024, with sustained activity in 2025. The Journal of Economic Education emerged as the leading outlet. Prominent affiliations originate from the United States and Europe, with strong contributions from Indonesia (notably Universitas Negeri Malang and Universitas Negeri Jakarta). The main contributing countries include the United States, Germany, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the United Kingdom. The keyword mapping reveals core clusters centered on economic literacy interlinked with financial literacy, economic education, students, and entrepreneurial intention, along with emerging themes such as digital economy, decision making, and sustainable development. Discussion/Conclusion: Economic literacy has evolved from a peripheral topic to a mainstream, increasingly interdisciplinary field. Recommendations include transparent reporting of network parameters, normalization of citation data across years, expansion of terminology and databases, and strengthening of longitudinal or quasi-experimental designs that link literacy outcomes with actual behavioral measures. Keywords: economic literacy; bibliometrics; Scopus; VOSviewer; publication trends; economic education; digital economy.
Co-Authors Dian Septiana Fadli Agus Triansyah Keila Putri Zhafrani Ramadhani, Fanny Sisti Nadia Amalia