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Research Trends in PhET Virtual Laboratories Toward Critical Thinking Skills in Physics Learning: A Decade Bibliometric Analysis (2015–2025) Cahyani, Alia; Lopez, Maria Anastasia Da; Nikmatillah, Ziadatun; Gunawan, Gunawan; Nisrina, Nina
Indonesian Journal of STEM Education Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Edisi Januari-Juni 2026 (Continuous Publication)
Publisher : Indonesian Publication Center

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Abstract

This study aims to analyze research trends in PhET virtual laboratories on critical thinking skills in physics learning during the period 2015–2025. The study used a descriptive quantitative approach with bibliometric analysis methods. Data were obtained from Google Scholar using the Publish or Perish application, then analyzed using VOSviewer. The selection process resulted in 34 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The analysis results show that research has increased significantly since 2020 and peaked in 2025, influenced by the development of digital-based learning after the COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of the Independent Curriculum. Bibliometric visualization shows that the topics of critical thinking, PhET simulation, and virtual laboratories are the main focus of research, with a tendency to use PhET combined with various learning models such as problem-based learning and guided inquiry. Citation analysis indicates that research examining the effectiveness of PhET use in improving critical thinking skills has a significant impact. However, studies that specifically address critical thinking skills in the context of certain materials or aspects of learning outcomes are still limited. Therefore, this study provides a comprehensive overview of research trends and opens opportunities for the development of more in-depth and focused research in the future.
Effectiveness and Characteristics of Interactive E-Modules in Physics Learning in The Merdeka Curriculum: A Systematic Literature Review (2022–2025) Cahyani, Alia; Nikmatillah, Ziadatun; Da Lopez, Maria Anastasia; Gunawan , Gunawan; Nisrina, Nina
Indonesian Journal of Innovation and Educational Technology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Edisi Januari-Juni 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Publication Center

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Abstract

The development of technology in education encourages the use of more interactive digital learning materials, one of which is the e-module. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness and characteristics of interactive e-modules in physics learning within the Merdeka Curriculum. This research uses a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with the PRISMA guidelines. The data sources were obtained from articles indexed in Google Scholar from 2022 to 2025 using the Publish or Perish application. The selection process was conducted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in 16 relevant articles for analysis. The results of the review show that interactive e-modules are generally developed using various learning models such as Problem Based Learning, STEM-integrated Project Based Learning, SETS, and contextual learning. The e-modules are also equipped with interactive features such as animations, videos, simulations, quizzes, and virtual laboratories that can increase student engagement. Based on the analyzed studies, the use of e-modules has been proven effective in improving learning outcomes, motivation, and students’ critical and creative thinking skills. Therefore, interactive e-modules have great potential to support more effective and innovative physics learning in the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum.