Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly incorporated into educational management, yet its application within Islamic educational supervision remains conceptually underdeveloped. This study aims to formulate a human-centered AI-assisted supervision model for improving the quality of Islamic education. An integrative literature review was conducted using scholarly articles, academic books, and policy documents addressing educational supervision, Islamic educational management, artificial intelligence, teacher AI competence, and human-centered AI. The literature was analyzed thematically across four domains: supervisory transformation, AI-supported decision making, professional development, and ethical and contextual governance. The synthesis indicates that AI can strengthen supervision through data integration, performance mapping, pattern detection, learning analytics, administrative support, and preliminary feedback. Nevertheless, AI cannot replace supervisors' contextual, relational, pedagogical, and professional judgment. The proposed AI-Assisted Islamic Educational Supervision (AIIES) model consists of seven stages: data collection, AI analysis, human verification, contextual interpretation, professional coaching in Islamic education, evaluation, and continuous improvement. The model positions AI as a decision-support instrument while retaining human authority over interpretation, coaching, and high-impact decisions. The study contributes a conceptual framework for integrating AI into Islamic educational supervision without reducing supervision to automated monitoring.