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All Journal African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Open Access DRIVERset African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Open Access DRIVERset African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Open Access DRIVERset Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Open Access DRIVERset African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Akem, Ingwu Joseph
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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Effect of Jatropha Gossypiifolia Leaves in Wistar Albino Rats Against Gentamicin-Induced Biochemical Injury Umaru, Isaac John; Akafa, Tensaba Andes; Oteng, Joseph; Akem, Ingwu Joseph; Ngbede, Ocheifa Mathew; Utioukpan, Ashaka Fidelis; Mijinyawa, Aboki Nwunuji; Akam, Odok Endurance; Ekup, Ogholo Ogholo
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v2i2.5186

Abstract

Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (Euphorbiaceae), widely known as “bellyache bush,” is a medicinal plant largely used throughout Africa and America. Several human and veterinary uses in traditional medicine are described for different parts and preparations based on this plant. The protective potentials of ethanol leaf extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum against gentamicin induced biochemical injury in Wistar albino rats were evaluated using serum biochemical parameters. Twenty-five male albino rats were divided randomly into five groups A to E. Groups C and D received 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg Jatropha gossypiifolia leaves extract respectively. Groups A and B were fed with chow (normal and positive controls) while Group E received 100 mg/kg of Vitamin C. Biochemical injury was induced in rats in groups B-E with gentamicin (i.p) at the dose of 80 mg/kg body weight on the 16th day of study. The rats were then fasted for 48 h and sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Serum was collected for biochemical analysis using standard methods and analytical biochemical kits. There was a significant increase in the serum levels of AST, ALT and ALP of the rats administered with gentamicin (Group B - positive control) compared to the Group A- normal control. However, treatment of rats with 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight of ethanol leaf extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia L significantly decrease these biochemical parameters compared to Group B (p < 0.05). Also, there was a significant increase in the serum levels of conjugated bilirubin and total bilirubin in Group B compared to the normal control. Rat pre-treated with 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight of extract showed significant decrease in the conjugated and total bilirubin compared to the non-treated rats in Group B (p <0.05). Serum level of urea and creatinine significantly increased in Group B compared to normal control. Rats in groups C and D pre-treated with 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight of extract showed significant decrease in the levels of urea and creatinine compared to Group B (p <0.05). There was significant decrease in the serum levels of albumin and total protein of the rats administered with gentamicin compared to the normal control. Rats pre-treated with 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight of extract showed significant increase compared rats in non-treated Group B (p <0.05). The results obtained from this study shows that the ethanolic leaf extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia L has protective functions against gentamicin-induced hepatic and nephrotic damage in Wistar albino rats.
Estimation of Kidney Function and Haematological Parameters of Methanol Leaf Extract of Annona senegalensis on Diethyl Nitrosamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats Umaru, Isaac John; Absalom, Augustine; Udoh, Mary Athanasius; Omolara, Mosugu Ovayoza; Okang, Ogar Fonne; Akem, Ingwu Joseph; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Frank, Otashu Kenneth; Philip, Shadrach
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 2 No 3 (2025): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v2i3.7359

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of liver-related mortality worldwide, often linked to oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity induced by carcinogens such as diethylnitrosamine (DEN). This study investigates the biochemical and hematological effects of methanol leaf extract of Annona senegalensis on DEN-induced HCC in male albino rats. Thirty rats were divided into six groups: normal control, negative control (DEN-induced), positive control (DEN + silymarin), and three treatment groups receiving A. senegalensis extract at 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and a combined regimen. DEN exposure significantly elevated serum biomarkers of liver damage, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and bilirubin. Treatment with A. senegalensis extract at 400 mg/kg markedly reduced ALT, AST, and ALP levels compared to the negative control, demonstrating hepatoprotective potential. Hematological analysis revealed a decline in white blood cell (WBC) count across treatment groups, suggesting possible immunosuppressive effects. Red blood cell (RBC) count and hemoglobin (HGB) levels decreased at 200 mg/kg but increased at 400 mg/kg, indicating a dose-dependent erythropoietic effect. Platelet (PLT) counts, elevated in the DEN-induced group, were normalized by the extract. These results suggest that A. senegalensis contains bioactive compounds with hepatoprotective and hematomodulatory activities. While higher doses improved liver function and hematological balance, the observed immunosuppressive tendencies highlight the need for further mechanistic studies. The findings support the therapeutic potential of A. senegalensis in hepatocellular carcinoma management, warranting future preclinical and clinical evaluation.
Co-Authors Abbas, Khalid Yahuza Absalom, Augustine Adamu, Usman Lukman Ahmed, Maayam Usman Ahmed, Maryam Usman Akafa, Tensaba Andes Akam, Odok Endurance Akpan, Usenobong Morgan Akumia, Prince Osei Amoah, Kwabena Owusu Asare, Solomon O. Ayi, Atsu Chukwudi, Eluu Emmanuel Danjuma, Tyem Lawal Efongwa, Emmanuel Ekunyi, Agbo Chibuike Ekup, Ogholo Ogholo Eno, Gomba Victoria Essien, Inemesit Samuel Frank, Otashu Kenneth Hassan, George Okra Ikira, Usman Jack, Precious Chioma Mijinyawa, Aboki Nwunuji Mona, Etah Hope Ngbede, Ocheifa Mathew Okang, Ogar Fonne Omanchi, Emmanuel Olofu Omolara, Mosugu Ovayoza Oteng, Joseph Philemon, Panah Philip, Shadrach Salman, Julius Ishaya Shadrach, Katchin Evelyn Tansaba, Akafa Andes Tony-Enwin, Evelyn Ovenomo Udoh, Mary Athanasius Umaru, Hauwa A. Umaru, Isaac John Utioukpan, Ashaka Fidelis Yeboah, Genevieve A.