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7. DOCTRINE TESTING FROM A COMPLEX SYSTEMS PERSPECTIVE CONVENTIONAL VERSUS CONTEMPORARY APPROACHES IN THE AXIOM-BASED DOCTRINE TESTING MODEL AND SYSTEM RESILIENCE Farrid Hidayat; Suroso; Kurniawan; Hidayad; Muchammad; Tutikurniadinda; Rickydika; Faried
Jurnal TNI Angkatan Udara Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Jurnal TNI Angkatan Udara Triwulan Kedua
Publisher : Staf Komunikasi dan Elektronika, TNI Angkatan Udara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62828/jpb.v5i2.213

Abstract

This study aims to methodologically analyze the limitations of conventional doctrine testing approaches and compare them with contemporary complex systems-basedapproaches, using doctrinal axioms and system resilience as the basis for evaluation.Operational doctrine is traditionally tested through conventional approaches that emphasizenormative compliance, historical precedent, and limited scenario-based simulations. Thisapproach is based on the assumption of strategic and operational environmental stability andthe linearity of cause-and-effect relationships. However, the dynamics of contemporarystrategic and operational environments which are non-linear, adaptive, and produce emergenteffects demonstrate a methodological gap between the reality of the system encountered andthe doctrine testing mechanisms employed. The study uses a conceptual qualitative approachthrough a systemic-doctrinal analysis with a comparative method of epistemic assumptions,testing logic, and validity criteria of both approaches. The analysis shows that the conventionalapproach is prone to pseudo-validity because it assesses doctrine primarily based onprocedural compliance, rather than systemic resilience to environmental change andoperational disruption. In contrast, the contemporary approach offers a more structurallyconsistent evaluation framework in addressing the complexity of the strategic and operationalenvironment. Therefore, doctrine testing needs to be reoriented from a normative verificationmodel to a complex systems-based evaluation model as a structural methodological necessity.This research contributes to the development of a doctrine evaluation methodology that is morerelevant to the study of contemporary defense doctrine and strategy.
8. OPERATIONS RESEARCH MODEL IN CONVENTIONAL MILITARY DECISION-MAKING Farrid Hidayat; Suroso; Farrith; Dikatama Tsania; Muchammad Furqon; Sudhibiyo; Ditasania
Jurnal TNI Angkatan Udara Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Jurnal TNI Angkatan Udara Triwulan Kedua
Publisher : Staf Komunikasi dan Elektronika, TNI Angkatan Udara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62828/jpb.v5i2.214

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the robustness and risk of military decisions through theapplication of an operations research model based on sensitivity analysis. Conventional militarydecision-making has historically relied on doctrine, experience, and the intuition of commanders.This approach is adaptive, but has limitations in testing the resilience of military decisions tochanges in strategic and operational parameters. The research methodology uses a quantitativeapproach with operations research modeling and sensitivity testing for key parameters such astime, cost, and risk. The main results indicate that military decisions based on operationsresearch models have a more consistent level of robustness than conventional approaches. Thestudy's conclusions confirm that operations research models play an effective role as objectiveand measurable military decision-support systems. This research contributes to strengtheningthe systems and decision science approaches in the study of conventional military decisionmaking.
9. BITCOIN AS A SYSTEM THAT RESISTS RECOVERY A NON-LINEAR SYSTEM DESIGN STUDY ON SCARCITY AND SECURITY Farrid Hidayat; Suroso; Kurniawan; Hidayad; Muchammad Furqon; Farrith; Dikatamasania; Sudibiyo
Jurnal TNI Angkatan Udara Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Jurnal TNI Angkatan Udara Triwulan Kedua
Publisher : Staf Komunikasi dan Elektronika, TNI Angkatan Udara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62828/jpb.v5i2.215

Abstract

This study aims to structurally examine why loss of access to Bitcoin is permanentand to assess claims regarding the possibility of recovery, master keys, or backdoors in theBitcoin system. This study departs from the general trend that positions Bitcoin solely as amonetary innovation, while its most radical aspect lies in its system design. Bitcoin is analyzedas a non-linear formal system that defines ownership through cryptographic facts, rather thanthrough identity, intent, or social context. The methodology used is a conceptual-design analysisbased on cryptographic studies, protocol architecture, empirical precedents of human error, andthe implications of network consensus. The main results demonstrate that irreversibility and lossof access are not system failures, but rather direct consequences of Bitcoin's design axioms,which tie ownership to high-entropy private keys and reject all forms of discretionary authority.The analysis also shows that claims of backdoors, whether mathematical, implemental,hardware, or temporal, are structurally incoherent without undermining the fundamentalassumptions of cryptography and decentralized consensus. The study's conclusions affirm thatBitcoin's resilience stems not from adaptive flexibility but from deliberate rule rigidity. Thisresearch's contribution lies in mapping Bitcoin as a system design artifact that resists recovery,while also expanding the Bitcoin discourse from the monetary realm to the study of systemdesign, applied cryptography, and the philosophy of technology.