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Macroeconomic Variable Analysis of Crude Oil Consumption in Indonesia for the Period 1983-2023 Sultan Sultan; Selma Raisaniva Putri
International Journal of Accounting and Finance in Asia Pasific (IJAFAP) Vol 8, No 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : AIBPM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32535/ijafap.v8i3.4196

Abstract

The imbalance between Indonesia’s rising crude oil consumption and declining domestic production poses risks to sustainable economic growth and energy security. This study analyzes the long- and short-run effects of domestic crude oil prices, manufacturing sector value added, and GDP per capita on Indonesia’s crude oil consumption from 1983 to 2023 using the Error Correction Model (ECM), with annual data sourced from BP Statistical Review 2024 and the World Bank 2024. Long-run results indicate that manufacturing value added (p = 0.0000) and GDP per capita (p = 0.0000) significantly influence crude oil consumption, while domestic crude oil prices (p = 0.6800) are insignificant. In the short run, all three variables significantly affect consumption (p 0.05), with domestic crude oil prices and GDP per capita exerting positive effects and manufacturing value added exhibiting a negative effect. The error-correction coefficient of –0.2643 indicates a moderate adjustment toward long-term equilibrium. These findings demonstrate that economic growth and industrial value creation are primary drivers of energy demand, whereas price mechanisms remain less effective under government subsidies. Policy recommendations include enhancing energy efficiency, promoting industrial modernization, restructuring fuel-subsidy allocations, and investing in renewable energy to reduce oil dependence and support sustainable growth.
The Influence of Electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM) in Enhancing the Program Registration Applicants of a Youth Organization Susiana Nur Safitri; Sultan Sultan
Asia Pacific Journal of Management and Education (APJME) Vol 7, No 1 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : AIBPM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32535/apjme.v7i1.2939

Abstract

The study explores the impact of electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) on the decision-making process of registering for the AIESEC 2021 program. Conducted using a quantitative survey method, the research applies marketing communication theory to understand the influence of e-WOM on consumer behavior. Surveying 75 registrants from the UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta class of 2021, the findings reveal a significant and robust positive correlation (0.797) between e-WOM and registration decisions, as confirmed by the Product Moment Correlation Test. Additionally, the statistical significance of this relationship is supported by the t Test (p 0.05), with the F Test indicating that e-WOM contributes significantly to decision-making, accounting for 62.9% of the variance. However, 37.1% of decision-making factors remain unexplored. These results highlight the pivotal role of e-WOM in shaping consumer decisions, particularly in the context of registering for programs such as JOIN AIESEC 2021. Understanding and leveraging e-WOM can thus be crucial for organizations seeking to enhance their marketing strategies and attract participants to their programs.