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All Journal Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Teknologi Konstruksi Nucleus Journal
Dwi Maharani
Universitas Asahan
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering Transportation

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Flexural and Microstructural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams Using River and Beach Sand Aggregates Muhammad Irwansyah; Dwi Maharani
Nucleus Journal Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Darul Ulum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32492/nucleus.v5i1.5115

Abstract

This study investigates the influence of river sand and beach sand as fine aggregates on the flexural behavior, mechanical properties, and microstructural characteristics of reinforced concrete beams. The increasing scarcity of river sand and environmental concerns associated with excessive mining have encouraged the exploration of alternative fine aggregates such as beach sand. However, the high chloride content and different particle characteristics of beach sand may affect concrete performance and durability. In this research, reinforced concrete beams were experimentally evaluated using two types of fine aggregates and two reinforcement configurations, namely plain and deformed reinforcement bars. The experimental program included compressive strength testing, flexural testing under two-point loading, water absorption testing, porosity analysis, and microstructural characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The results showed that concrete containing river sand exhibited higher compressive strength and lower porosity compared to concrete containing beach sand. The average compressive strength of river sand concrete reached 24.85 MPa, while beach sand concrete achieved 17.69 MPa. Flexural testing indicated that beams reinforced with deformed bars demonstrated better performance than beams with plain reinforcement. SEM observations revealed that beach sand concrete possessed a more porous microstructure and weaker interfacial transition zones, while XRD analysis confirmed that the primary hydration products remained similar for both concrete types. Overall, beach sand has potential as an alternative fine aggregate, although additional treatment and quality control are required to improve its mechanical and durability performance.
Pengaruh Plastimen-VZ Pada Beton Dengan Agregat Pasir Pantai Sejarah Kabupaten Batu Bara Muhammad Irwansyah; Fynnisa Z; Gilang Septiriawan; Dwi Maharani; Ficha Zuanda Damanik
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Teknologi Konstruksi Vol 9, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Teknologi Konstruksi
Publisher : Universitas Teuku Umar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35308/jts-utu.v9i2.8101

Abstract

The use of concrete in construction continues to increase, so innovation in making concrete continues to grow. One of the innovations used in this study is to use additives to analyze the effect of concrete compressive strength on the use of historical beach sand and chemical additives (Plastimen-VZ) as concrete mixes using Mix Design SNI 2834-2000. Testing of the compressive strength of concrete was carried out at 3 and 7 days of age with a reference to normal concrete control of 24.90 MPa or equivalent to K-300 and the number of samples consisted of 18 samples with the added chemical Plastiment-VZ (Sika) 0%, 0.40 %, 0.80%. The results of the study using historical beach sand and Plastimen-VZ (Sika) meet the specifications for use as a concrete mix with a normal concrete control reference of 24 MPa with a compressive strength value of 24.76 MPa. The results of the compressive strength of concrete with a mixture of beach sand and Plastimen-VZ (Sika) 0.40% aged 3 days obtained an average of 24.99 MPa. The results of the compressive strength of concrete with a mixture of beach sand and Plastimen-VZ (Sika) of 0.80% aged 7 days obtained an average of 25.03 MPa.
Co-Authors Ficha Zuanda Damanik Fynnisa Zebua Gilang Septiriawan Muhammad Irwansyah