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PERILAKU LESBIAN, GAY, BISEKSUAL, DAN TRANSGENDER (LGBT) PERSPEKTIF USHUL FIKIH MU‘TAZILAH: TELAAH KITAB AL-MU‘TAMAD FĪ UṢŪL AL-FIQH Chairul Lutfi; Abdurahman Abdurahman; Bintan Dzumirroh Ariny; Akhmad Farroh Hasan
Hikmah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 21, No 2 (2025): Hikmah Journal of Islamic Studies
Publisher : STAI ALHIKMAH Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47466/hikmah.v21i2.346

Abstract

AbstractThis study aims to examine how the concepts within Mu‘tazilite uṣūl al-fiqh, particularly as formulated in Kitāb al-Mu‘tamad fī Uṣūl al-Fiqh by Abū al-Ḥusain al-Baṣrī, can offer a theoretical response to contemporary issues concerning LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender) behavior. The study employs a qualitative method based on library research, using a thematic analysis approach to explore normative ideas in the aforementioned text. The primary focus is directed toward the exploration of two foundational uṣūl principles in Mu‘tazilite thought: the classification of human acts (al-Af‘āl) and the method of legal analogy (al-Qiyās al-Shar‘ī), both of which are grounded in the principles of rationality and justice. The findings suggest that LGBT behavior, within the framework of al-Mu‘tamad, can be categorized under the spectrum of qabīḥ (morally reprehensible) actions. Nevertheless, the rationalist nature of the Mu‘tazilite approach opens up possibilities for a contextual re-evaluation of this legal classification, taking into account modern developments in social norms and human rights discourse. This study does not intend to render a rigid legal verdict but rather proposes a reflective space for developing a more inclusive and adaptive fiqh. Accordingly, the main contribution of this research lies in strengthening the discourse of uṣūl al-fiqh based on reason and universal values, thereby creating a bridge between classical texts and contemporary socio-religious challenges.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah bagaimana konsep-konsep dalam ushul fikih Mu‘tazilah, khususnya sebagaimana dirumuskan dalam Kitab al-Mu‘tamad fī Uṣūl al-Fiqh karya Abū al-Ḥusain al-Baṣrī, dapat memberikan respons teoretis terhadap problematika kontemporer mengenai perilaku LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Biseksual, dan Transgender). Studi ini menggunakan metode kualitatif berbasis studi kepustakaan dengan pendekatan analisis tematik terhadap gagasan normatif dalam kitab tersebut. Fokus utama diarahkan pada eksplorasi dua perangkat ushul utama dalam pemikiran Mu‘tazilah, yaitu klasifikasi tindakan (al-Af‘āl) dan metode analogi hukum (al-Qiyās al-Syar‘ī), yang keduanya dibangun di atas asas rasionalitas dan keadilan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku LGBT dalam kerangka al-Mu‘tamad dapat dikategorikan ke dalam spektrum perbuatan qabīḥ (tercela). Namun demikian, sifat rasionalistik dari pendekatan Mu‘tazilah membuka peluang untuk mempertimbangkan ulang kategori hukum tersebut secara lebih kontekstual, dengan memperhatikan perkembangan sosial dan wacana hak asasi manusia masa kini. Penelitian ini tidak bertujuan untuk memberikan vonis hukum yang kaku, melainkan mengusulkan ruang reflektif bagi pengembangan fikih yang lebih inklusif dan adaptif. Dengan demikian, kontribusi utama studi ini terletak pada penguatan diskursus ushul fikih berbasis nalar dan nilai-nilai universal, yang dapat menjembatani teks klasik dengan tantangan sosial keagamaan modern. 
Reconstructing the Evidentiary Framework for the Annulment of Arbitral Awards to Ensure Legal Certainty Mohamad Toha Hasan; Chairul Lutfi; Bintan Dzumirroh Ariny
Invest Journal of Sharia & Economic Law Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/invest.v6i1.14698

Abstract

Article 70 of Law Number 30 of 1999 on Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution permits the annulment of an arbitral award on three specified grounds. Following Constitutional Court Decision Number 15/PUU-XII/2014, the elucidation requiring those grounds to be proven by a prior court judgment ceased to have binding force. Nevertheless, judicial decisions continue to diverge regarding the requirement of a prior criminal judgment. This normative legal study applies statutory, case, and conceptual approaches to South Jakarta District Court Decision Number 427/Pdt. Sus-Arbt/2021/PN JKT.SEL and Number 582/Pdt. Sus-Arbt/2021/PN Jkt.Sel in conjunction with Supreme Court Decision Number 244 B/Pdt. Sus-Arbt/2022, as well as the Central Jakarta District Court Decision Number 699/Pdt. G/2019/PN Jkt.Pst in conjunction with Supreme Court Decision No. 327 B/Pdt. Sus-Arbt/2021. The study finds a divergence between the criminal-judgment prerequisite and direct proof in annulment proceedings. It proposes a five-part evidentiary model: a specific allegation supported by initial evidence; allocation of the burden of proof to the applicant; differentiated proof for each ground in Article 70; prohibition on re-examining the merits of the arbitral dispute; and express judicial reasoning linking the proven procedural defect to the award. Statutory clarification and harmonization of Supreme Court guidance are necessary to improve legal certainty while preserving arbitration’s finality.
Sharia Governance and Sharia Compliance Traceability: An Analysis of KSPPS Aminul Ummah Syariatama Chairul Lutfi; Ely Haryanti; Bintan Dzumirroh Ariny; Ahmad Arif; Denden Soemantri
Civil Officium: Journal of Empirical Studies on Social Science Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Perkumpulan Alumni dan Santri Mahyajatul Qurro'

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53754/civilofficium.v6i1.1077

Abstract

This study analyzes the implementation of Sharia governance at KSPPS Aminul Ummah Syariatama, an Islamic savings and financing cooperative in Depok City, Indonesia, from a Sharia-compliance perspective. Traceability serves as the principal criterion: sharia principles should be traceable from the fatwas of the National Sharia Board of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI) and cooperative regulations for product design, procedures, implementation, supervision, and disclosure. This study employs a descriptive qualitative design based on document analysis of five groups of institutional artefacts for 2022-2023: a qardh financing contract, the EduQard financing standard operating procedure (SOP), financial statements, the Sharia Supervisory Board (DPS) opinion, and marketing materials. Each document is deductively mapped against the relevant DSN-MUI fatwas and the provisions of the Regulation of the Minister of Cooperatives and SMEs Number 8 of 2023, and then classified into three categories with explicit criteria: substantive conformity, administrative alignment needs, and areas requiring clarification. The review indicates conformity in the direction of contract design and the availability of supervisory structures, while the traceability of compliance remains undemonstrated at six points: the definition and structure of the qardh contract, fatwa references and methods in the DPS opinion, disclosure of zakat-infaq-sadaqah funds, SOP presentation, governance of a third-party digital application, and consistency of promotional materials. Sharia compliance in an Islamic cooperative is evidenced by a chain of mutually referring documents. Sharia terminology and the presence of a DPS are entry conditions that require support from internal control, supervisory documentation, and follow-up of recommendations. The analysis is confined to processes and documents and does not assess individual transactions or the personal performance.