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All Journal KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) CHEDS: Journal of Chemistry, Education, and Science
Eva Musifa
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Education Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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THE ROLE OF MICROALGAE IN CARBON CAPTURE AND LIPID ACCUMULATION: A MINI REVIEW Eva Musifa
CHEDS: Journal of Chemistry, Education, and Science Vol 10, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/cheds.v10i1.13496

Abstract

The increasing concentration of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the atmosphere is a major factor driving global climate change. Therefore, effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly mitigation strategies are needed. Microalgae have emerged as a promising biological solution due to their high photosynthetic capacity to absorb CO₂ and convert it into biomass. This review article aims to examine the role of microalgae in carbon mitigation, focusing on the CO₂ absorption mechanism, the efficiency of the cultivation system, and its relationship to lipid production as a biofuel feedstock. Microalgae utilize the Carbon Concentrating Mechanism (CCM) to increase carbon fixation efficiency, even at low CO₂ concentrations. The absorbed carbon is then converted through the Calvin cycle into organic compounds that serve as precursors for lipid biosynthesis. Microalgae tend to increase lipid accumulation in the form of triacylglycerols (TAGs), which have the potential to be converted into biodiesel. In addition to contributing to carbon sequestration, microalgae also have economic value through the production of biofuels and other high-value compounds, thus supporting the concept of a circular economy. With the right technological development, microalgae have the potential to become an integrated solution for carbon mitigation and renewable energy supply in the future.
Ecoenzyme Characterization of Fruit Peel Waste Mixture and Test of Antibacterial Activity against Bacteria Causing Dental Caries Julinar Julinar; Dinii Uswati; Fahma Riyanti; Eva Musifa
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 10, No 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)

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Abstract

Ecoenzyme is a product of facultative aerobic fermentation for 3 months from organic fruit and vegetable waste. In this study, ecoenzyme was made from a mixture of fruit peel waste (papaya, orange and pineapple) with the addition of 6 liters of water. Ecoenzyme products were characterized by organoleptic properties, chemical composition, enzyme activity and antibacterial activity tests against Lactobacillus acidophilus and Streptococcus mutans bacteria that cause dental caries. The results of the study show that the ecoenzyme product had a dominant orange peel sour flavor, was cloudy brown in color with a volume of 8.4 liters from 6 liters of added water. The characterization results depict that the chemical composition of ecoenzyme contained acetic acid and lactic acid with a total acid content of 2.26%, 40.45 mg/mL protein, and secondary metabolites in the form of alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. The activity of several enzymes from ecoenzyme was protease 0.0246 U/mL, amylase 0.0032 U/mL and lipase 5 U/mL. Antibacterial activity against bacteria that cause dental caries is included in the category of very strong against S. mutans at a concentration of 40 (% v/v) and moderate against L. acidophilus with inhibition zone diameters of 23.33 mm and 8.23 mm respectively. The Mininum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Killing Concentration (MKC) values of ecoenzyme against S. mutans and L. acidophilus bacteria were 2500 ppm and 5000 ppm respectively.Keywords: ecoenzyme, fruit-peel waste, L.acidophilus, S.mutans, antibacterial
Modification of Areca Nut (Areca catechu L.) Peel Hydrochar for Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Eva Musifa; Neza Rahayu Palapa; Titah Maharti Nugraheni; Miftahun Naimah
KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): December Edition
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/kovalen.2025.v11.i2.17922

Abstract

Synthetic dyes such as methylene blue (MB) are persistent pollutants that pose serious environmental risks due to their toxicity and resistance to biodegradation. This study investigates the development of sustainable photocatalysts derived from Areca catechu L. peel through hydrothermal carbonization, followed by activation, zeolite impregnation, and magnetic modification using Fe2+/Fe3+ ions. XRD and FTIR analyses confirmed the successful formation of Fe3O4, increased porosity, and the presence of functional groups that facilitate adsorption and photocatalytic activity. The results indicate that photodegradation is significantly more effective than adsorption, with magnetic hydrochar and hydrochar–zeolite composites achieving degradation efficiencies above 90%. Optimal performance was observed at a catalyst mass of 0.20 g and an irradiation time of 150 minutes. The high removal efficiency is attributed to synergistic interactions including pi-pi stacking, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic attraction between MB molecules and the modified hydrochar surface. Overall, this study demonstrates that Areca catechu L. peel waste can be valorized into an efficient, low-cost, and magnetically recoverable photocatalyst for dye-contaminated wastewater treatment
THE ROLE OF MICROALGAE IN CARBON CAPTURE AND LIPID ACCUMULATION: A MINI REVIEW Eva Musifa
CHEDS: Journal of Chemistry, Education, and Science Vol 10, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/cheds.v10i1.13496

Abstract

The increasing concentration of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the atmosphere is a major factor driving global climate change. Therefore, effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly mitigation strategies are needed. Microalgae have emerged as a promising biological solution due to their high photosynthetic capacity to absorb CO₂ and convert it into biomass. This review article aims to examine the role of microalgae in carbon mitigation, focusing on the CO₂ absorption mechanism, the efficiency of the cultivation system, and its relationship to lipid production as a biofuel feedstock. Microalgae utilize the Carbon Concentrating Mechanism (CCM) to increase carbon fixation efficiency, even at low CO₂ concentrations. The absorbed carbon is then converted through the Calvin cycle into organic compounds that serve as precursors for lipid biosynthesis. Microalgae tend to increase lipid accumulation in the form of triacylglycerols (TAGs), which have the potential to be converted into biodiesel. In addition to contributing to carbon sequestration, microalgae also have economic value through the production of biofuels and other high-value compounds, thus supporting the concept of a circular economy. With the right technological development, microalgae have the potential to become an integrated solution for carbon mitigation and renewable energy supply in the future.
Co-Authors Dinii Uswati Fahma Riyanti Julinar Julinar Miftahun Naimah Neza Rahayu Palapa Titah Maharti Nugraheni