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PENDEKATAN KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP PROSES PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN: TINJAUAN TEORITIS DAN MODEL KONSEPTUAL Sam Sukur Rahman; Muhammad Muhammad; Edi Muhamad Jayadi
EDUCATIONAL : Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan & Pengajaran Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia (P4I)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51878/educational.v6i3.11058

Abstract

ABSTRACT Leadership in educational organizations plays an important role in determining the quality of decision-making that affects policy effectiveness and the achievement of institutional goals. Differences in leadership approach characteristics lead to variations in the decision-making processes and outcomes produced by leaders. This article aims to comprehensively examine various leadership approaches and their implications for decision-making processes within the context of educational organizations. This study employed a literature review method by analyzing relevant scientific sources discussing behavioral, power, situational, transactional, and transformational leadership approaches. The research stages included literature collection, selection of relevant sources, content analysis, and synthesis of findings to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between leadership approaches and decision-making effectiveness. The results indicate that each leadership approach contributes differently to decision quality in terms of rationality, participation, implementation effectiveness, and the moral values underlying the decisions. Behavioral and situational approaches emphasize flexibility and interpersonal relationships in producing adaptive decisions, while the power approach highlights the role of legitimacy and influence in accelerating decision acceptance. Transactional leadership focuses on efficiency and procedural compliance, whereas transformational leadership encourages visionary, innovative, and ethically grounded decisions. This study concludes that the effectiveness of decision-making in educational leadership is strongly influenced by leaders’ ability to integrate various leadership approaches contextually according to organizational needs. ABSTRAK Kepemimpinan dalam organisasi pendidikan memiliki peran penting dalam menentukan kualitas pengambilan keputusan yang berdampak pada efektivitas kebijakan dan pencapaian tujuan lembaga. Perbedaan karakteristik pendekatan kepemimpinan menyebabkan variasi dalam proses dan hasil keputusan yang diambil oleh pemimpin. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara komprehensif berbagai pendekatan kepemimpinan dan implikasinya terhadap proses pengambilan keputusan dalam konteks organisasi pendidikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kajian literatur dengan menelaah berbagai sumber ilmiah yang relevan mengenai pendekatan kepemimpinan perilaku, kekuasaan, situasional, transaksional, dan transformasional. Tahapan penelitian dilakukan melalui pengumpulan literatur, seleksi sumber yang relevan, analisis isi, serta sintesis hasil kajian untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang mendalam mengenai hubungan antara pendekatan kepemimpinan dan efektivitas pengambilan keputusan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa setiap pendekatan kepemimpinan memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda terhadap kualitas keputusan, baik dalam aspek rasionalitas, partisipasi, efektivitas implementasi, maupun nilai moral yang melandasi keputusan tersebut. Pendekatan perilaku dan situasional menekankan pentingnya fleksibilitas dan hubungan interpersonal dalam menghasilkan keputusan yang adaptif, sedangkan pendekatan kekuasaan berperan dalam mempercepat penerimaan keputusan melalui legitimasi dan pengaruh. Pendekatan transaksional berorientasi pada efisiensi dan kepatuhan prosedural, sementara pendekatan transformasional mendorong lahirnya keputusan yang visioner, inovatif, dan bermuatan nilai etis. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa efektivitas pengambilan keputusan dalam kepemimpinan pendidikan dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan pemimpin dalam mengintegrasikan berbagai pendekatan secara kontekstual sesuai kebutuhan organisasi.
Diversity and Distribution of Macrofungi in the Aikmel Area of Mount Rinjani National Park Sri Anjar Wani; Edi Muhamad Jayadi; Risa Umami
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.12045

Abstract

Indonesia, recognized as a megabiodiversity country, harbors rich biological resources including fungi, which play vital ecological and economic roles. This study aims to analyze the diversity and distribution patterns of macrofungi in the Aikmel Resort area of Mount Rinjani National Park, Lombok. A descriptive–exploratory approach was conducted through field surveys using transect plots in two research stages. Data collection included species identification and measurement of environmental parameters such as temperature, light intensity, soil pH, and humidity. The results of the first stage recorded 40 species, while the second stage identified 37 species. After combining both datasets and removing duplicate species, a total of 68 unique macrofungal species were obtained, belonging to Basidiomycota, Ascomycota, and Mycetozoa. These species were distributed across various orders, families, and genera, with Agaricales and Polyporales as the dominant groups. Most macrofungi were found on decayed wood, indicating its importance as the primary substrate. Diversity analysis revealed a moderate level of diversity with relatively low dominance, fairly even species distribution, and high species richness. Environmental factors such as temperature, soil pH, light intensity, and humidity influenced the variation in macrofungal community structure between the two stages. In conclusion, the Aikmel Resort area exhibits high macrofungal diversity with dynamic community structure influenced by environmental conditions and substrate availability, highlighting its ecological importance as a reservoir of fungal biodiversity.