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All Journal Grimsa Journal of Business and Economics Studies
M. Shabri Abd. Majid
Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Energy Environmental Science Social Sciences

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The Impact of Economic Freedom on the Economic Complexity of Trade in Indonesia Cut Syazalisma; Suriani Suriani; M. Shabri Abd. Majid
Grimsa Journal of Business and Economics Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): July 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Graha Primera Saintifika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61975/gjbes.v3i2.120

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of economic freedom on the economic complexity of trade in Indonesia, an issue that is increasingly relevant for understanding structural transformation in resource-dependent economies. While the existing literature has separately examined the role of economic freedom in promoting growth and the importance of economic complexity for development, limited attention has been given to how economic freedom influences the sophistication and diversification of exports, particularly in the Indonesian context. Using annual data from 1998 to 2024, this study employs the Economic Complexity Index as the dependent variable and the Economic Freedom Index as the main independent variable, with GDP per capita, FDI inflows, and trade openness included as control variables. The analysis applies Robust Least Squares method, incorporating M-estimation, S-estimation, and MM-estimation techniques to ensure the robustness of the results. The findings reveal that economic freedom has a negative and statistically significant effect on economic complexity, suggesting that liberalization may reinforce specialization in low-complexity, resource-based sectors rather than promote export diversification. In contrast, GDP per capita positively influences economic complexity, while FDI inflows and trade openness do not exhibit significant effects. These results indicate that external integration and market liberalization alone are insufficient to enhance export sophistication without supportive domestic structural conditions. This study highlights the need for policymakers to complement market-oriented reforms with targeted industrial and institutional policies that promote economic diversification, capability accumulation, and technological upgrading to enhance export sophistication.
Gender Inequality and Economic Growth in Aceh: Evidence from Panel Data Analysis M. Saleh; Suriani Suriani; M. Shabri Abd. Majid
Grimsa Journal of Business and Economics Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): July 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Graha Primera Saintifika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61975/gjbes.v3i2.121

Abstract

This study examines the impact of gender inequality on economic growth in Aceh Province, Indonesia, where persistent gender disparities may hinder regional economic performance by limiting human capital development and economic participation. Despite increasing attention to gender issues in Indonesia, empirical evidence for Aceh remains limited. Using panel data from 23 districts/cities in Aceh Province during 2018-2025, this study employs a random effects model to analyze the effect of the Gender Inequality Index on economic growth. The analysis also incorporates control variables, including the open unemployment rate, labor force participation rate, and human development index. The empirical findings reveal that gender inequality has a negative and statistically significant effect on economic growth in Aceh, indicating that higher levels of gender inequality tend to reduce regional economic performance. These findings imply that reducing gender inequality is essential for achieving sustainable and inclusive economic growth. Therefore, policymakers should strengthen gender-inclusive development policies, expand women’s access to education and employment opportunities, and encourage greater female participation in economic activities to support long-term regional development.
Revisiting the Growth-Human Development-Poverty Nexus in Banda Aceh: Evidence from 2000 to 2024 Talbani Farlian; M. Shabri Abd. Majid; Suriani Suriani; Meutia Handayani; M. Fatahul Dzakwan
Grimsa Journal of Business and Economics Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): July 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Graha Primera Saintifika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61975/gjbes.v3i2.123

Abstract

This study revisits the relationship among regional economic welfare, human development, and poverty in Banda Aceh City, Indonesia, over the period 2000-2024. Poverty is specified as the dependent variable, while Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) per capita and the Human Development Index (HDI) are specified as the independent variables. The study is situated within the growth-poverty, human development, and inclusive growth literature and is motivated by the substantial structural transformation experienced by Banda Aceh following the 2004 tsunami, post-disaster reconstruction, service-sector expansion, and post-pandemic recovery. Using annual secondary data obtained from official statistical publications and multiple linear regression analysis, the findings indicate that GRDP per capita has a positive and statistically significant association with poverty, whereas HDI has a negative and statistically significant association with poverty. The positive GRDP-poverty relationship suggests that rising average regional income has not automatically translated into pro-poor outcomes, possibly because the benefits of economic growth have been unevenly distributed or concentrated in sectors with limited absorption of low-income labor. Conversely, the negative HDI-poverty relationship underscores the importance of human capital, health, education, and welfare-enhancing capabilities in reducing poverty. This study contributes city-level evidence from Aceh and highlights the need to shift the policy emphasis from aggregate output expansion toward inclusive, labor-absorbing, and human development-oriented growth.
Co-Authors Cut Syazalisma M. Fatahul Dzakwan M. Saleh Meutia Handayani Suriani Suriani Talbani Farlian