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DEMOCRACY, EDUCATION, AND GENDER INEQUALITY: EVIDENCE FROM PROVINCIAL PANEL DATA DYNAMICS Irfan; Maryana; Rinaldi Syahputra
International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : CV. Radja Publika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijebas.v5i6.5153

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the dynamics of inclusive development at the provincial/district level in Indonesia by emphasizing the differences in the short-term and long-term influences of its determinants. This study uses panel data and applies the Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (Panel ARDL) method. This method was chosen because it is able to accommodate differences in regional characteristics and varying degrees of variable integration. The estimation results show a stable long-term relationship between the democracy index in Indonesia and the explanatory variables, as indicated by the negative and significant error correction term coefficient . In the short term, gender inequality has a negative and significant effect on the democracy index, while economic participation has a positive and significant effect. The long-term results confirm that gender inequality is a structural obstacle to the democracy index, while economic participation is a key driver of increasing sustainable inclusive development at the regional level. Other social variables show relatively weaker effects, both in the short and long term. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of regional development policies oriented towards reducing gender inequality and strengthening economic participation as key strategies for boosting democracy in Indonesia. Methodologically, this study contributes to the literature by applying the ARDL Panel approach to the Indonesian subnational context, thus providing a more comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of inclusive development across regions.
CREATIVE ECONOMY BASED ON WASTE: “CIRCULAR ECONOMY ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS AND COMMUNITIES IN ACEH TAMIANG” T. Khairol Razi; Fairus; Safwan; Irfan; Fadli Syahputra
International Review of Practical Innovation, Technology and Green Energy (IRPITAGE) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): July-October 2026
Publisher : RADJA PUBLIKA

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Abstract

Low public awareness and understanding of waste management with economic value. The ever-increasing volume of household and plastic waste has not been optimally utilized, thus creating environmental problems as well as lost economic opportunities for the community. On the other hand, students and the community in Aceh Tamiang still have limited knowledge and skills in processing waste into creative products that have sales value. The concept of a circular economy that emphasizes the reuse of waste into useful products is also not widely understood and applied in everyday life. Community service was carried out in Kota Lintang Village, Hasanah Hamlet, Kota Kuala Simpang District, Aceh Tamiang Regency, which was affected by flooding through an educational and participatory approach to students and the community from May 20 to 22, 2026. After receiving educational materials on the impact of plastic waste and the concept of 3R management (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle), there was a significant increase in participants' understanding of environmental issues. Through evaluations in the form of post-tests and discussion sessions, it was found that around 70% of participants were able to explain in a coherent manner the negative impact of plastic waste on the environment, the importance of reducing the use of single-use plastics, and the benefits of creative plastic waste processing. Regular mentoring for students and the community is needed to ensure that circular economy programs are not only educational but also provide sustainable business opportunities. Support from Adiwiyata partners, local governments, and universities is expected to strengthen the implementation of environmental and entrepreneurship programs, creating a more independent, creative, and environmentally conscious community