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All Journal International Journal of Enterprise Modelling Stability: Journal of Management and Business
Fatkhul Amin
Universitas Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia
Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Library & Information Science Mathematics Transportation

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Embed theory of planned behavior in predicting external financing of woman’s entrepreneur behavior Rauly Sijabat; Noni Setyorini; Fatkhul Amin; Prianka Ratri Nastiti
International Journal of Enterprise Modelling Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026): January: Enterprise Modelling
Publisher : International Enterprise Integration Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/int.jo.emod.v20i1.142

Abstract

Empirical gaps regarding high credit interest rates, male dominance of asset ownership, the tendency to use own capital to start small businesses, gender discrimination, and a higher risk of credit rejection are reasons why female entrepreneurs are reluctant to apply for business loans. Individual investment behavior is influenced by gender differences. Previous research due to indications of behavioral differences between female and male entrepreneurs in making business debt decisions. Also found that individual debt or investment behavior is largely determined by personal attributes, one of which is gender. Based empirical gap and research gap perspective, the implementation of the Theory of Planned Behavior (THB) in entrepreneurship studies, particularly on business debt behavior with female entrepreneurs as the subject, is still very limited, if not non-existent. Furthermore, the factors tested have not specifically mapped research variables to factors such as attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. So, it is necessary to develop a fundamental, theory-based model using the TPB approach that can organize predictor variables and comprehensively and systematically predict and explain business debt behavior among female entrepreneurs. The empirical model was tested using empirical data obtained from interviews with female entrepreneurs who had business debt for the purposes of establishing or expanding their businesses. The model testing and the influence between variables were then analyzed using a Structural Equation Modeling approach. The results of the analysis indicate that interest or desire determines the behavior or business debt decisions of female entrepreneurs. The results of this study also show that female entrepreneurs' interest in business debt is determined only by entrepreneurial self-efficacy, while factors such as entrepreneur desirability, entrepreneur opportunity recognition, and entrepreneur social identity do not statistically influence their interest in business debt.
CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF DANA AND GOPAY E-WALLET SERVICE REVIEWS USING TF–IDF AND K-MEANS/K-MEDOIDS: AN ECONOMIC AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGY PERSPECTIVE Fatkhul Amin; Fithri Widyanita Yarisma; Ira Setiawati; Ratih Milati Ilham
STABILITY : Journal of Management and Business Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Vol 8 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas PGRI Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26877/r7hyad25

Abstract

This study aims to (1) identify the thematic structure of Indonesian-language user reviews on digital wallet services, (2) compare the clustering quality produced by alternative unsupervised methods, and (3) derive actionable operational insights for service management and financial performance. A quantitative text-mining design is employed, using an unsupervised learning framework on Indonesian-language Google Play Store reviews collected over the 2021–2025 period, comprising 553.500 reviews for DANA and 265.632 reviews for GoPay. The corpus is obtained via staged web scraping, cleaned and normalized, then represented with TF–IDF uni- and bigram vectors. Two clustering algorithms, K-Means and K-Medoids with cosine distance, are applied separately to the DANA, GoPay, and combined corpora. Cluster quality is evaluated using internal validity indices, including the Silhouette while thematic interpretation relies on dominant term inspection and supporting visualizations. The findings show that DANA’s main themes revolve around user experience, ease and reliability of transactions, OTP-based security and access barriers, and customer support, whereas GoPay reviews emphasize transactional operations, balance accessibility, and promotions or perceived service levels. The evaluation results indicate that DANA exhibits more heterogeneous thematic segments than GoPay, implying the need for more differentiated targeting and service strategies, while GoPay can rely on a relatively more homogeneous user base. 
Co-Authors Fithri Widyanita Yarisma Ira Setiawati Noni Setyorini Prianka Ratri Nastiti Ratih Milati Ilham Rauly Sijabat