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All Journal ISTIFHAM IJELaSS: International Journal of Education, Language and Social Scince
Luluk Zahrotul Hikmah
Universitas Negeri Malang
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Principal Decision Making: School Administrative Order Herman; Luluk Zahrotul Hikmah; Muharrir; Marlinda
International Journal of Education, Language, and Social Science Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): IJELaSS: International Journal of Education, Language and Social Science
Publisher : Darul Ilmi Bina Insan Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62612/ijelass.v3i2.67

Abstract

Effective and efficient school administration is highly desired by all parties, including stakeholders and education customers. However, in reality, school principals still use their authority in decision-making, so that the decisions made do not reflect joint decisions in school administrative order. The purpose of this study is to determine how school principals make decisions in school administrative order. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature review approach to examine and analyze previous studies relevant to the topic being researched, with the following steps: first, the researcher searches for or collects data sources and information; second, the researcher assessed the sources that had been found, third, the researcher analyzed the data and information to answer the research questions, and fourth, the researcher compiled a journal manuscript concept from all the results of the analysis of the data and information that had been collected. The results of the study show that, first, the principal's decision-making process is carried out through problem identification, analysis of the existing situation, development of alternatives, analysis of alternatives, and selection of the best alternative. Second, the factors that influence the principal in decision-making are position or status, problems that arise, situation, conditions, and objectives to be achieved in decision-making. Third, the styles used by principals in making decisions regarding school administrative order are the directive style, analytical style, conceptual style, and behavioral style. Fourth, the impact of decision making is greatly influenced by the principal's ability to make decisions appropriately and contextually in accordance with the stages of an effective decision-making process. Practical contributions can help improve the principal's capacity in decision-making by providing various information related to decision-making for school administrative order. Meanwhile, theoretical contributions can help develop better and more comprehensive decision-making theories in the effort to maintain school administrative order
Principal Conflict Management Strategies in Building a Harmonious School Environment Herman Herman; Luluk Zahrotul Hikmah; Muharrir Muharrir; Marlinda Marlinda
ISTIFHAM Vol 4 No 1 (2026): ISTIFHAM: Journal of Islamic Studies
Publisher : Seutia Hukamaa Cendekia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71039/istifham.v4i1.135

Abstract

In any organization, including schools, conflicts between school principals and administrators are inevitable. However, effective conflict management is crucial for fostering positive communication, collaboration, and trust among leaders and administrators within the school environment. This study aims to analyze conflict management strategies employed by school principals to create a harmonious school environment. Using a qualitative research approach and a literature review, the study examines relevant prior studies. The research process involves data collection, source assessment, data analysis, and manuscript compilation. The study’s findings reveal the importance of implementing conflict management policies, procedures, and training programs. These include anti-conflict policies, open communication policies, student-parent involvement policies, conflict resolution procedures, conflict reporting procedures, and evaluation and follow-up procedures. Additionally, conflict management, effective communication, and counseling training are essential for building a harmonious school environment. The practical contribution of this research lies in enhancing the capacity of school principals in conflict management practices by providing valuable information on conflict management strategies. The theoretical contribution is the development of a more comprehensive theory of conflict management for school principals, thereby contributing to a harmonious school environment.
Co-Authors Herman Herman Herman Marlinda Marlinda Marlinda Muharrir Muharrir Muharrir