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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Health Science
Robby Firmansyah
Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta
Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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The demographic bonus and shifting health insurance risk profiles among the productive age population in Indonesia: A literature review Assyifa Ramadhani; Reynanda Sabrina; Robby Firmansyah; Riswandy Wasir
Indonesian Journal of Health Science Vol 6 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : PT WIM Solusi Prima

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54957/ijhs.v6i2.2187

Abstract

Background: Indonesia is currently experiencing a demographic bonus, with the productive age population accounting for 69.3% of the total population. While this presents an economic opportunity, it poses significant challenges to the health sector due to an epidemiological transition toward Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs), which contribute to 74% of global mortality. Objective: This study aims to analyze the impact of the demographic bonus on the shifting health risk profiles of the productive age group and its implications for claim trends and the sustainability of the health insurance system in Indonesia. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using the Google Scholar database. The search strategy employed keywords related to demographics, NCDs, and health financing, with a publication filter for the last ten years (2016–2026). Data were analyzed using a descriptive narrative approach to synthesize relevant findings. Results: The findings indicate that the dominance of the productive age population, coupled with unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, has triggered a rise in chronic disease prevalence requiring long term medical management. This shift directly correlates with a surge in healthcare service utilization and claim burdens within the National Health Insurance (JKN) scheme. However, current insurance benefit designs remain heavily focused on curative services (85.4%), while promotive preventive efforts at primary care facilities remain suboptimal. The imbalance between increased utilization and financing capacity potentially threatens risk pool stability and risks financial deficits. Conclusion: The demographic bonus may become an economic burden without an adaptive health system transformation. Strengthening promotive preventive policies and innovative chronic disease management are essential to control medical costs. Cross sector synergy is crucial to ensure a healthy productive age population and the long term sustainability of the JKN program.
Evaluation of health service efficiency and effectiveness policy through performance based budgeting and quality control of health services: A literature review Reynanda Sabrina; Assyifa Ramadhani; Robby Firmansyah; Riswandy Wasir
Indonesian Journal of Health Science Vol 6 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : PT WIM Solusi Prima

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54957/ijhs.v6i2.2203

Abstract

The efficiency and effectiveness of health services represent one of the critical aspects in the management of public services, particularly in budget utilization and the implementation of health programs. Numerous studies indicate that performance-based budgeting and quality control of health services exert a significant influence on enhancing accountability as well as service quality within public service institutions. This literature review was conducted to evaluate the implementation of efficiency and effectiveness policies in health services through a performance-based budgeting approach and quality control of health services. The study employs a literature review method, with data sources obtained from Google Scholar and Garuda. The articles utilized are scientific journals addressing performance-based budgeting, service effectiveness, performance accountability, and quality control of health services. The findings of the review demonstrate that performance-based budgeting is capable of improving the effectiveness of service management and the accountability of public service institutions. Furthermore, quality control of health services, strengthening of reporting systems, and information technology support also contribute to the enhancement of service quality. Nevertheless, policy implementation continues to face several obstacles, including low human resource capacity, weak internal control mechanisms, and the suboptimal integration of reporting systems.
Co-Authors Assyifa Ramadhani Reynanda Sabrina Riswandy Wasir