Dody Riswanto
Universitas Indraprasta PGRI Jakarta

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Humanistic Counseling Psychology Review of Deviant Gigolo Behavior Dody Riswanto; Adaobi Jennifer Iloakasia
International Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy, 2(1), 2025
Publisher : Academia Edu Cendekia Indonesia (AEDUCIA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64420/ijcp.v2i1.182

Abstract

Background: The profession of gigolos, which involves providing sexual services in exchange for money and material goods, has long been seen as deviant and morally questionable. Objective: This study aims to review the mental and psychological conditions of men who work as gigolos based on the perspective of Rogers' humanistic counseling psychology theory. Method: This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection techniques are interviews, observations, documentation studies, and audio-visual information. Data analysis is carried out by concluding to produce meaning. Results: The main factor that motivates gigolo men is economic factors. Sexual transactions with women generate money and other materials, such as giving gifts of mobile phones (cell phones), laptops, clothes, food, housing, and other goods. Gigolo men use Facebook social media to promote themselves to women. Conclusion: The solution to Rogers' humanistic counseling psychology problems regarding gigolo behavioral deviations is as follows: 1) respondents must build self-confidence to quit the gigolo profession; 2) respondents must be honest and more open about the experiences they have experienced; 3) respondents must have the responsibility to solve their problems; 4) respondents must eliminate erroneous perceptions such as fear of being poor and others; 5) Respondents must be able to accept themselves to express feelings of anger, hatred, shame, anxiety, fear, and others that the respondents initially avoided. Originality/Value: This study offers novel insights in the field of Guidance and Counseling psychology by uncovering the underlying psychological dynamics, economic motives, and social media promotion regarding deviant gigolo behavior through Carl Rogers' humanistic counseling perspective, an area that remains scarcely examined. These findings enrich existing empirical evidence and serve as a strategic reference for counselors, mental health practitioners, and social welfare institutions in developing humanistic-based therapeutic interventions, self-acceptance programs, and rehabilitation strategies for individuals seeking to leave sex work.
Artificial Intelligence-Mediated Communication and Human Relationships: Examining Trust, Social Presence, and Interpersonal Connectedness among University Students YunHaoChuang; Dody Riswanto; Syimir Asyraaf bin Eddie Halim
Journal of Human Interaction and Social Studies Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): : August: Sapientia Diversalis: Journal of Human Interaction and Social Studies
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65310/8v0m4m50

Abstract

Artificial intelligence-mediated communication introduces new forms of technological participation in interpersonal interaction, raising questions about trust, social presence, and relational connectedness in higher education. This study examined how existing scholarship characterizes these relationships and identified the conditions associated with variation in relational outcomes. A scoping review and framework-based relational mechanism synthesis were conducted using 34 scholarly sources published between 1976 and 2026, identified through bibliographic and publisher-based searches. The evidence base included experimental, cross-sectional, longitudinal, mixed-method, design-oriented, and conceptual investigations. Sources were examined according to communication configuration, degree of AI assistance, disclosure conditions, relational outcomes, and contextual moderators. The synthesis identified three interconnected domains: trust calibration and authenticity, social presence and conversational agency, and interpersonal connectedness in educational communication. Across the reviewed literature, AI assistance was associated with communicative efficiency and responsiveness, while relational evaluations varied according to perceived authenticity, transparency, technological reliability, and human control. Conversational and anthropomorphic cues contributed to perceived social presence without consistently establishing durable interpersonal trust. Evidence involving university students particularly emphasized AI literacy, perceived accuracy, risk perception, and technology adoption, whereas broader relational interpretations drew partly on other populations. The study proposes calibrated trust as an interpretive principle emphasizing proportionate reliance, verification, and human accountability. These findings support differentiated assessments of AI-mediated communication that distinguish technological performance, perceived social presence, and sustained interpersonal relationships.