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All Journal Indonesia Natural Research Pharmaceutical Journal (INRPJ) Berdikari : Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat
Kashif Khan
Unknown Affiliation
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

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NARRATIVE REVIEW : METODE EKSTRAKSI GANODERMA LUCIDUM DAN EFEKTIVITASNYA Meinanda Grabilia; Diana Laila Rahmatillah; Kashif Khan
INDONESIA NATURAL RESEARCH PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL Vol 11, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52447/inrpj.v11i1.9048

Abstract

Ganoderma lucidum is one of the medicinal mushrooms that has been extensively researched due to its bioactive compounds, particularly polysaccharides, triterpenoids, and phenolic compounds, which exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities. Various extraction methods have been developed to optimally obtain these bioactive components, ranging from conventional techniques like hot water and ethanol extraction to modern methods such as ultrasonic extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and enzyme-based combinations. This review article aims to identify the types of extraction methods used on G. lucidum and evaluate their effectiveness based on the resulting active compound composition and biological activity. The review results indicate that differences in solvents, temperature, duration, and processing techniques significantly affect the yield and stability of bioactive components. The extracted compounds have been proven to possess antioxidant, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, and antitumor activities, although their effectiveness varies across studies due to the lack of standardisation in the extraction process. This review emphasises the importance of selecting the appropriate extraction method based on the target compounds, as well as the need for further research to standardise the process and quantitatively compare the effectiveness of the methods. Thus, the therapeutic potential of G. lucidum can be utilised more optimally in the development of herbal-based health and pharmaceutical products.Keywords: Ganoderma lucidum, extraction method, bioactive, effectiveness
Analisis Farmakoekonomi, Farmasi Sosial, Farmakoepidemiologi dan Integrasinya terhadap Dampak Teknologi Digital ditinjau dari Kepatuhan Pengobatan HIV Abdul David Pongsapan; Diana Laila Rahmatillah; Kashif Khan
BERDIKARI Vol 9, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Bedikari
Publisher : Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52447/berdikari.v9i1.9072

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remain global health challenges, with long-term adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) as a major barrier to effective management. This study aims to analyze the impact of digital technology on HIV treatment adherence through three pharmaceutical perspectives pharmacoeconomics, social pharmacy, and pharmacoepidemiology to develop a comprehensive and evidence-based evaluation framework. A narrative review approach was employed by systematically reviewing literature from international and national databases (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar) between 2015 and 2025. Findings reveal that digital interventions such as mHealth, telemedicine, chatbots, and SMS reminders are cost-effective, ICERs ranging from US$864 to US$1,037 per QALY and potential cost savings of 15–20% per patient annually. Socially, these technologies improve adherence by 25–30%, reduce stigma, and enhance patient empowerment, though digital literacy gaps and infrastructure limitations persist. From a pharmacoepidemiological perspective, digital tools contribute to sustained viral load suppression, increased CD4+ counts, and reduced drug resistance risk. The study underscores the importance of an integrative and hybrid implementation model that combines digital solutions with pharmacist-led support and community engagement. In conclusion, the integration of digital technology in HIV management enhances clinical outcomes, economic efficiency, and social equity, advancing the global UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets toward ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030.Keywords: HIV, Digital Technology, Pharmacoeconomics, Social Pharmacy, Pharmacoepidemiology, Adherence 
Co-Authors Abdul David Pongsapan Diana Laila Rahmatillah Meinanda Grabilia