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All Journal Trends in Mechanical Engineering Research
Udi Harmoko
Universitas Diponegoro
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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ANALYSIS OF AIR-COOLED CONDENSER EFFECTIVENESS UNDER TROPICAL AMBIENT TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS IN LOW-ENTHALPY GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS Richard Alexander; Agus Setyawan; Udi Harmoko
Trends in Mechanical Engineering Research Vol 4, No 1 (2026): JUNE
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/timer.v4i1.40713

Abstract

The performance of Air-Cooled Condensers (ACC) in low-enthalpy geothermal systems is strongly influenced by ambient temperature as the primary cooling medium. This study analyzes the effect of tropical ambient temperature variations on ACC effectiveness using the effectiveness-NTU method and linear regression based on 1,415 operational data points. The results show that the calculated ACC effectiveness ranges from 49.93% to 64.46% within an ambient temperature range of 18.63°C to 29.56°C. Ambient temperature shows a very strong positive correlation with ACC effectiveness, with r = 0.9984 and R² = 0.9967. The increase in effectiveness at higher ambient temperatures is associated with a reduction in the theoretical maximum heat transfer rate (Qmax), rather than an improvement in actual cooling performance. The developed model can be used as a simple predictive tool for operational management of low-enthalpy geothermal systems in tropical regions.
Co-Authors Agus Setyawan Richard Alexander