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New York sebagai Kota Kosmopolitan: antara Keberagaman dengan Ketimpangan Rasial Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia Elok Fitrotul Maulidah; Mutiara Anugerah Pekerti
Verfassung: Jurnal Hukum Tata Negara Vol 5 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Tata Negara (HTN), Fakultas Syariah, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syekh Wasil Kediri, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30762/vjhtn.v5i1.892

Abstract

Artikel ini membahas kosmopolitanisme New York dalam perspektif hak asasi manusia (HAM), yang fokus pada kesenjangan antara keberagaman dengan kesetaraan rasial. Artikel ini termasuk sebagai penelitian socio-legal yang analisisnya bersifat deskriptif-kualitatif berbasis pada prinsip kesetaraan dan nondiskriminasi sebagaimana tertuang dalam Universal Declaration of Human Rights dan International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. Hasilnya, kosmopolitanisme di New York hanya bersifat simbolik, yaitu keberagamannya tidak disertai dengan pemenuhan hak yang merata. Oleh karena itu, kosmopolitanisme perlu direkonstruksi sebagai kerangka yang berbasis HAM agar dapat mewujudkan keadilan sosial di kota global.
The Role of Global Civil Society in Challenging the Hegemony of Pharmaceutical Corporations Mutiara Anugerah Pekerti
WIMAYA Vol. 7 No. 01 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL VETERAN JAWA TIMUR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/wimaya.v7i01.375

Abstract

This study examines how global civil society campaigns against the Agreement on Trade Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) expose inequalities in global governance, particularly the dominance of developed countries and pharmaceutical corporations in setting international norms. The study highlights the impact of TRIPS implementation on access to essential medicines in developing countries and the role of civil society in challenging unequal power structures and driving transformation towards more equitable global governance. The case study of the generic drug access campaign and response to the COVID-19 pandemic shows how civil society is resisting through legal advocacy, public diplomacy, and transnational solidarity. On the other hand, this paper also evaluates the structural limitations of global justice mechanisms, such as the Doha Declaration and the TRIPS waiver, which are often insufficient to counter the dominance of global economic powers. This paper, through a critical approach, emphasizes the importance of strengthening civil society and championing inclusive, rights-based global governance.