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All Journal Jurnal Ruas (Review of Urbanism and Architectural Studies)
Milani, Fanisa Dwi Aulia
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Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

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Spatial Organization and Architectural Patterns of ‘Setra’ in Banjar Traditional Village, Buleleng, Bali Prajnawrdhi, Tri Anggraini; Putri, Dyah Aulia; Milani, Fanisa Dwi Aulia; Cahayaningsih, Ni Made Hening; Pratiwi, Luh Made Ayu Widya; Yaputra, Veldesen
RUAS Vol. 24 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Departemen Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ruas.2026.024.01.15

Abstract

This study examines the spatial organization and architectural patterns of setra (Balinese cemeteries) in Banjar Village, Buleleng, Bali, focusing on Setra Alit and Setra Bujangga as representations of dadia-based sacred spaces. Despite their significance in Balinese vernacular architecture, the spatial logic of setra remains underexplored. The rapid growth of dadia populations, particularly Dadia Arya Kenceng with more than 300 households, has created a mismatch between the existing cemetery capacity and the spatial requirements of Pitra Yadnya funeral rituals. The study employed a design-based qualitative approach through field observation, site measurement, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions with customary leaders and dadia representatives. The data were analysed thematically to formulate spatial patterns and zoning recommendations for four setra typologies: Setra Gede/Dewa, Setra Ida Bagus/Ksatria/Arya/Bujangga, Setra Alit, and Setra Bayi. The findings reveal a consistent spatial pattern characterised by tripartite zoning, kaja–kelod orientation, clustered supporting facilities, and ergonomically designed ceremonial pavilions (bale upacara). The study establishes setra as an important typology of Balinese vernacular architecture and proposes a spatial framework integrating the principles of Tri Hita Karana, capacity planning, and ergonomics.
Spatial–Institutional Configurations of Community-Based Production Cooperatives: Evidence from Two Urban Kampungs in Indonesia Prajnawrdhi, Tri Anggraini; Milani, Fanisa Dwi Aulia; Mahira, Eka Diana; Septanti, Dewi; Setyawan, Wahyu
RUAS Vol. 24 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Departemen Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ruas.2026.024.01.4

Abstract

This study examines the spatial-institutional configurations of community-based production cooperatives in two dense urban kampungs, Kampung Penjahit (Denpasar) and Kampung Lontong (Surabaya), and their implications for architectural and urban design discourse. A comparative qualitative–quantitative case study was conducted, integrating non-participant observation, in-depth interviews, 1–5 scale perception questionnaires, settlement morphology mapping, and dwelling typological diagramming. Qualitative data were thematically coded in NVivo 15, while perception data were analysed using the Kruskal–Wallis test in SPSS. Findings reveal two contrasting configurations. Kampung Lontong displays a cooperative-mediated model characterised by compact-clustered morphology, with the cooperative functioning as an institutional-spatial anchor, an alley network operating as a production corridor, and productive social capital. Kampung Penjahit displays an individuated production model marked by linear-dispersed morphology, autonomous dwelling-as-workshop units, and a religious association performing only a symbolic role; nevertheless, residents exhibit higher work discipline and superior arterial-road and parking access. The spatial-institutional configuration framework serves as a typological example for the design of inclusive productive villages in dense Southeast Asian cities.
Co-Authors Cahayaningsih, Ni Made Hening Dewi Septanti Eka Diana Mahira, Eka Diana Pratiwi, Luh Made Ayu Widya Putri, Dyah Aulia Tri Anggraini Prajnawrdhi Wahyu Setyawan Yaputra, Veldesen