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All Journal JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURES, MATERIALS AND ENERGY
Saturnus Wardiman Gulo
Universitas Medan Area
Energy Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering

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Experimental Study on the Performance of a Four-Stroke Spark-Ignition Engine Using Pertalite–Bioethanol Fuel Blends Indra Hermawan; Darianto; Saturnus Wardiman Gulo
JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING MANUFACTURES MATERIALS AND ENERGY Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): June 2026 Edition
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/jmemme.v10i1.17397

Abstract

The energy crisis and environmental impacts of fossil fuels have prompted the search for alternative fuels such as bioethanol. This study analyzes the performance of a 4-stroke gasoline engine using pure Pertalite (100%) and bioethanol blends (25% and 35%) through experimental testing with a dynamometer. The evaluated parameters include power, torque, and specific fuel consumption (SFC). The results show that pure Pertalite delivers the best performance, with a maximum power of 8.00 kW and peak torque of 10.30 Nm within the 3000–6000 rpm range. The 25% bioethanol blend produced higher power (7.30 kW) compared to the 35% blend (7.10 kW) at higher speeds (7000–9000 rpm), although both remain below Pertalite. Pertalite also exhibited the most efficient SFC (522.84–697.13 g/kWh), followed by 25% bioethanol (808.05–1371.80 g/kWh) and 35% bioethanol (2160.00–5760.00 g/kWh), particularly at lower engine speeds. Increasing the bioethanol content beyond 25% significantly reduced engine performance due to its lower energy content and suboptimal combustion characteristics. Nevertheless, a 25% bioethanol blend may be considered an environmentally friendly alternative with acceptable efficiency trade-offs. These findings highlight the importance of optimizing bioethanol composition to balance engine performance and sustainability, as well as the need for further research on emissions and material durability.
Co-Authors Darianto Darianto Indra Hermawan