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All Journal Justek : Jurnal Sains Dan Teknologi Journal of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacy (JECP)
Gaby Ayu Patricia
Universitas Maarif Hasyim Latif
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Dentistry Education Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

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Effectiveness Ethanol Extract of Tinospora crispa L, Cymbopogon citratus, Alpinia purpurata K Schum, and Alpinia galanga L in Lowering Mouse Cholesterol Levels Khoirul Ngibad; Dane Prastio; Evinia Eka Novem; Ragil Tri Sutrisno; Agustina Wulandari; Gaby Ayu Patricia; Cicik Wijayanti
Justek : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 9, No 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Unversitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/justek.v9i2.38814

Abstract

Hypercholesterolemia is a lipid metabolism disorder that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Although statins are effective, long-term use may cause side effects, prompting the exploration of natural alternatives that contain bioactive flavonoids, phenolics, and terpenoids with hypocholesterolemic activity. This study aimed to evaluate the cholesterol-lowering effects of ethanol extracts of Brotowali (Tinospora crispa L.), Lemongrass Stem (Cymbopogon citratus), Red Galangal (Alpinia purpurata K. Schum.), and White Galangal (Alpinia galanga L.) in hypercholesterolemia-induced male mice. A true experimental study was conducted using 36 male mice divided into six groups: Negative Control (I), Positive Control (II), Drug Control (Simvastatin) (III), and three extract groups (IV–VI) receiving doses of 14, 28, and 56 mg/20 g BW. After a seven-day adaptation period, the animals were administered propylthiouracil for 14 days to induce hypercholesterolemia, which was confirmed by blood cholesterol measurement on Day 15. Subsequently, simvastatin or the extracts were administered for three days, and cholesterol levels were measured on Day 18 using a spectrophotometric method. The results showed that all extracts reduced cholesterol levels compared to the Positive Control (194.65 ± 8.26 mg/dL), but were less effective than simvastatin (103.15 ± 15.54 mg/dL). Brotowali reduced levels to 140.90 ± 10.10 mg/dL; Lemongrass Stem to 143.47 ± 21.65 mg/dL. Red Galangal reached 138.79 ± 10.69 mg/dL and White Galangal 139.03 ± 16.53 mg/dL at the highest dose (56 mg/20 g BW). In conclusion, the four ethanol extracts showed potential as natural antihypercholesterolemic agents, with Red and White Galangal demonstrating the greatest cholesterol-lowering effects at a dose of 56 mg/20 g BW, although their efficacy remained lower than simvastatin.
Antihypercholesterolemic Activity of the Ethanol Extract Combination of Leaves Calotropis gigantea L. and Adenanthera pavonina L. Galuh Anggun Oktaviani; Gaby Ayu Patricia; Cicik Wijayanti; Khoirul Ngibad
Justek : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 8, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Unversitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/justek.v8i4.36441

Abstract

Hypercholesterolemia is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and its prevalence continues to increase. Pharmacological therapy using statins is effective but may cause side effects when used long-term. Therefore, exploring natural ingredients as an alternative antihypercholesterolemic therapy is essential. This study aimed to evaluate the activity of a combination of ethanol extracts of Calotropis gigantea L. leaves and Adenanthera pavonina L. on the cholesterol levels of male mice induced with propylthiouracil (PTU). The study was conducted experimentally using a post-test-only control-group design with 36 male mice divided into six groups: negative control, positive control, drug control (simvastatin), and three treatment groups receiving extract combinations at doses of 14, 28, and 56 mg/g BW. The research stages included seven days of animal adaptation, induction of hypercholesterolemia with PTU for 14 days, administration of the extract combination at doses of 14, 28, and 56 mg/g BW for four days, and blood sampling for total cholesterol measurement using an automated chemical spectrophotometer. The results showed a significant increase in cholesterol levels in the positive control group, while simvastatin produced the most significant reduction. The extract combination gradually decreased cholesterol levels with increasing dose, with the highest dose approaching the effect of simvastatin. The paired t-test showed a p-value < 0.05, indicating significant differences between treatments. The combination of Calotropis gigantea L. and Adenanthera pavonina L. leaf extracts has potential as a herbal agent to support antihypercholesterolemic therapy.
Effectiveness of Ethanol Extract Dosage of Arabian Bidara Leaf (Zizphus spina-christi (L.) Desf.) on Reduction of Hypercholesterolemia in Mus musculus Valenata Valenata; Gaby Ayu Patricia; Khoirul Ngibad
Journal of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacy (JECP) Vol 6, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52365/jecp.v6i1.1449

Abstract

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease, which is characterized by increased cholesterol levels in the blood. The leaves of Ziziphus spina-christi (Arabian bidara) are known to contain flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and alkaloids that have the potential to provide antihypercholesterolemia effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ethanol extract of Z. spina-christi leaves on the reduction of total cholesterol in hypercholesterolemia mice. Extraction is carried out by the maceration method using 96% ethanol and produces a yield of 3.8%. A total of 36 male mice were divided into six groups (n=6): negative control, positive control (propylthiouracil induction), drug control (simvastatin), and three extract treatment groups with doses of 14, 28, and 56 mg/20 g BB. The treatment was given orally for four days, then cholesterol levels were analyzed using the enzymatic method CHOD-PAP. The results showed that the positive control cholesterol levels increased significantly (189.3 ± 6.2 mg/dL) compared to the negative control (112.7 ± 10.3 mg/dL). The administration of the extract lowered cholesterol levels gradually: 170.4 ± 6.3 mg/dL (10%), 159.6 ± 7.6 mg/dL (15.7%), and 147.3 ± 11.7 mg/dL (22.2%). Simvastatin decreased more (117.7 ± 12.5 mg/dL; 37.8%). It was concluded that bidara arabic leaf extract has antihypercholesterolemia potential with a multifactorial mechanism, although its effectiveness is lower than that of simvastatin.
Co-Authors Agustina Wulandari Cicik Wijayanti Dane Prastio Evinia Eka Novem Galuh Anggun Oktaviani Khoirul Ngibad Ragil Tri Sutrisno Valenata Valenata