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Design, Construction, and Testing of an Electric Wheelchair Operated by Arduino Uno R3 Microcontroller Yusuf Subagyo; Sendie Yuliarto Margen; Baharudin Priwintoko; Fariz Wisda Nugraha; Hartanto Prawibowo
Multidisciplinary Innovations and Research in Applied Engineering Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Akademi Inovasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70935/ha1z3r27

Abstract

The research aims to design and develop an electric wheelchair based on the Arduino Uno microcontroller as a mobility solution for individuals with disabilities. A conventional wheelchair was modified by integrating an electric drive system controlled by an analog joystick, which is connected to the Arduino Uno and DC motors via a BTS 760 motor driver. The wheelchair design complies with ISO 7176-5 standards and is adapted to the anthropometric dimensions of Indonesian users. Test results indicate that the control system functions effectively, allowing responsive control of wheelchair movements forward, backward, left, and right according to joystick operation. However, several challenges were encountered during the chain adjustment and gear welding processes, requiring further development to achieve optimal performance. This study demonstrates that utilizing the Arduino Uno as the central control unit enables the production of an electric wheelchair at a more affordable cost.
Comparative Mechanical Performance of FDM-Printed PETG and ABS at Different Infill Percentages Saeful Rofi Romadhon; Baharudin Priwintoko; Wahyu Hidayat; Baskara Surya Widagdo
Multidisciplinary Innovations and Research in Applied Engineering Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Akademi Inovasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70935/y4n8aq82

Abstract

The use of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) in additive manufacturing requires a material selection strategy that considers not only strength, but also the balance between stiffness, ductility, toughness, and surface resistance. This study evaluates the comparative mechanical performance of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG) at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% infill using FDM printing and performance-map analysis. Specimens were designed according to ASTM standards and printed using the same printer, hexagonal infill pattern, print speed, and build orientation, while material-specific parameters such as extrusion temperature, heated bed temperature, layer height, first-layer height, enclosure, and cooling fan setting were adjusted according to ABS and PETG processing requirements. Mechanical characterization included tensile, flexural, impact, Shore D hardness, and density tests. The highest tensile strength was obtained by PETG at 100% infill, reaching 40.74 MPa, while ABS at the same infill reached 38.72 MPa. PETG also showed the highest elongation at break of 16.16%, flexural strength of 59.51 MPa, and impact strength of 0.053 J/mm². In contrast, ABS produced the highest surface hardness, reaching 84.17 Shore D at 100% infill, compared with 80.42 Shore D for PETG. The density values of both materials increased with infill and became similar at 100% infill, namely 1.00 g/cm³. These findings confirm a clear trade-off between strength, toughness, resilience, and hardness in FDM materials. PETG offers a more balanced mechanical profile for applications that require strength, deformation tolerance, and impact resistance, while ABS remains relevant for applications that prioritize rigidity and surface hardness.
Effect of Flow Rate Variation on Solar Water Heater Performance Baharudin Priwintoko; Agus Lutanto; Yusuf Subagyo; Saeful Romadhon; Agus Prasetyo
Multidisciplinary Innovations and Research in Applied Engineering Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Akademi Inovasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70935/nrhaqe41

Abstract

Solar energy potential in Indonesia is very large, yet its utilization for daily thermal needs still requires improvement through simple, economical, and efficient collector designs. This study analyzes the effect of fluid flow-rate variation on the performance of a trickle-type solar water heater with a V-shaped collector under local outdoor testing conditions. The novelty of the work lies in the combined evaluation of a V-shaped zinc-sheet absorber, trickle-type flow arrangement, north-facing 30° collector orientation, and practical flow-rate range of 2, 4, 6, and 8 L/min. The outdoor experiment was conducted from 09:00 to 12:00 Western Indonesia Time with repeated field observations for each flow-rate condition. Inlet temperature, outlet temperature, ambient temperature, collector temperature, cover temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation intensity were recorded and processed to determine useful heat gain, heat absorbed by the fluid, collector efficiency, fluid heat-absorption efficiency, and total efficiency. The results show that a lower flow rate produces a greater increase in fluid temperature, but it does not always produce the highest total efficiency. The 4 L/min flow rate provided the best performance, with a total efficiency of 55%, fluid heat-absorption efficiency of 71%, average fluid heat-transfer rate of 559.53 W, and estimated test-period fluid energy of 1678.59 Wh (6.04 MJ) during the 3 h test period. These findings indicate an optimum balance between fluid residence time and mass flow rate in improving solar water heater performance.