Ayuningtyas Khairunnisa
Padjadjaran University

Published : 2 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 2 Documents
Search

INDONESIA-CHINA DEVELOPMENT FINANCING WITHIN THE SOUTH-SOUTH COOPERATION FRAMEWORK: STRENGTHENING NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE 2018–2022 Ayuningtyas Khairunnisa
Kajian Asia Pasifik Vol 10 No 1 (2026): January - June 2026
Publisher : International Relations Study Program of Universitas Kristen Indonesia (UKI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33541/japs.v10i1.8430

Abstract

This article examines the role of development financing through the South-South Cooperation (SSC) framework between Indonesia and China in strengthening infrastructure during the period 2018-2022. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach based in literature review, this study analyzes five major strategic projects, namely the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway, the Sumsel 8 Coal-Fired Power Plant, the Industrial Estate, port development, and toll road construction. The analytical framework includes development financing theory enriched by the liberal interdependence paradigm. The findings show that the institutional mechanism through the Implementation Arrangement between Ministry od National Development Planning (Bappenas), the relevant ministries, and China EXIM Bank provides a more efficient and targeted financing structure for priority projects. However, serious challenges have arisen regarding transparency, debt management, and China’s technical dominance in the project implementation process. This study concludes that this cooperation reflects an asymmetrical strategic interdependence, and its effectiveness is highly dependent on Indonesia’s institutional capacity and the sustainability of public governance. Recommendation include improving governance, diversifying funding sources, and enhancing technology transfer mechanism.
Parallel Diplomacy of the City of Solo for Regional Culture Preservation through Solo International Performing Arts (SIPA) Ayuningtyas Khairunnisa; Fuad Azmi
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v6i2.3038

Abstract

This study analyzes the parallel diplomacy practices of Solo City in preserving regional culture through the implementation of Solo International Performing Arts (SIPA) for the 2021-2025 period. The main issues examined are the suboptimal parallel diplomacy framework, declining interest of the younger generation in traditional arts, and minimal follow-up on international cooperation after the event. The research uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques through semi-structured interviews with the Director of SIPA and officials from the Solo City Tourism, Youth, and Sports Agency, direct observation at SIPA 2025, and a study of official documents from the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy and the Solo City Government. The results of the study show that the Solo City Government acts as an autonomous initiator, facilitator, and coordinator in SIPA without explicit direction from the central government, fulfilling the characteristics of parallel diplomacy through subnational initiatives, cross-actor involvement, and an orientation towards preserving the local identity of "The Spirit of Java". Analysis using Brian Hocking's framework reveals that Solo has the capacity to act through independent decision-making, the capability to manage through managing relations with an average of 8-10 participating countries annually, and the capacity to promote through a multi-platform strategy that increases tourist visits by 12 percent per year. The study concludes that SIPA has succeeded in creating a foundation for cultural preservation with a 40 percent increase in youth participation and the regeneration of artists, despite still facing challenges in program sustainability and the institutionalization of systematic follow-up mechanisms.