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All Journal Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Abrar M Almousawi
Department of Horticulture and Landscape, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kufa, Iraq
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Interactive Effects of Nano-Iron and Spent Mushroom Extract on Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Citrus trifoliata Rootstock Saplings Abrar M Almousawi; Hawraa Imad Taher; Shyamaa S Neamah; Nawres Hazim Mohammed
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 13 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.13.02.326-334

Abstract

Citrus trifoliata rootstock production is critical for the successful establishment of citrus orchards because sapling vigor strongly influences orchard performance. An experiment was conducted under 50% shade to evaluate two factors: foliar application of nanoiron at three concentrations (0, 10, and 20 mg/L) and an organic amendment, spent mushroom extract (SME), applied via irrigation water at three concentrations (0, 50, and 100 ml/L), on the growth and nutrient status of C. trifoliata saplings. The combined treatment of nanoiron at 20 mg/L plus SME at 100 ml/L increased plant height by 130%, stem diameter by 180%, and branch number per plant by 350% over the control, along with concurrent increases in leaf area, chlorophyll content, and carbohydrate accumulation. Foliar application of nanoiron integrated with SME provides a long-lasting, sustainable nutrient source that markedly improves sapling health and growth. This integrated approach can be considered an effective and practical strategy for enhancing nursery management and supporting sustainable citrus production.
Co-Authors Hawraa Imad Taher Nawres Hazim Mohammed Shyamaa S Neamah