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p-Index From 2021 - 2026
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All Journal International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) Equator Science Journal (ESJ)
Meggi Rahayu
Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Physics Public Health Social Sciences

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Improving Science Learning Outcomes and Critical Thinking through Problem-Based Learning in Elementary Education Meggi Rahayu; Wisman Wisman; Selvina Doranggi; Andi Salahuddin
Equator Science Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Equator Science Journal (ESJ)
Publisher : CV. Dharma Samakta Edukhatulistiwa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61142/esj.v4i2.363

Abstract

Low science learning outcomes and limited critical thinking skills among elementary school students remain a significant challenge in science education, particularly due to the use of less interactive instructional approaches. This study investigates the effect of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on students’ science learning outcomes and critical thinking skills among fifth-grade students at SD Inpres 3 Tatura. This study employed a quasi-experimental design using a pretest–posttest control group approach. The sample consisted of 53 students selected through total sampling, with one class assigned as the experimental group and the other as the control group. Data were collected using essay-based tests designed to measure students’ learning outcomes and critical thinking skills, and were analyzed using an independent sample t-test. The results indicate that students who were taught using the PBL model achieved significantly higher learning outcomes and demonstrated improved critical thinking skills compared to those who received conventional instruction (p < 0.05). The improvement was evident in students’ ability to analyze problems, construct arguments, and evaluate solutions. These findings suggest that Problem-Based Learning is an effective instructional strategy for enhancing both science learning outcomes and critical thinking skills, and can be considered a practical approach for improving elementary science education.
A Critical Analysis of the Supernatural Approach Between Environmental Education and School Ceremonialism Moh Zulandri; Erwin Zainuddin; Meggi Rahayu; Muh. Rizal; Dewi Rara
International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) Vol. 8 No. 3: July 2026 - International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/ijhess.v8i3.11902

Abstract

The Adiwiyata program is one of the strategic policies of the Indonesian government in realizing sustainable environmental education in schools. Since its launch in 2006 by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF), the program is designed to instill ecological values through integration into the curriculum, school culture, and citizen participation. However, the implementation in various schools shows a paradox: on the one hand, Adiwiyata succeeds in encouraging increased concern for the environment, but on the other hand, the practice of its implementation is often trapped in ceremonialism. This phenomenon can be seen from the school orientation that emphasizes the achievement of awards, certifications, and competitions rather than the deep internalization of ecological values. This article aims to conduct a critical analysis of the Adiwiyata approach using a literature-based theoretical study method (desk study). The results of the study show that there is a gap between the normative goal of Adiwiyata as an instrument of ecological awareness transformation and the practice of educational bureaucratic ceremonialism that emphasizes the formal aspect. This article offers a reconstruction of the Adiwiyata approach through the integration of ecological curriculum, the formation of a green school culture, and sustainable community participation. Thus, Adiwiyata not only becomes a symbol of administrative success, but actually serves as a transformative and substantial medium of environmental education.
Co-Authors Andi Salahuddin Dewi Rara Erwin Zainuddin Moh Zulandri Muh. Rizal Selvina Doranggi Wisman Wisman