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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Pancasila, Kewarganegaraan, dan Hukum (PAKEHUM) Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan (PERAUT)
Lestari Purnama Intan Gulo
Universitas Nias
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Engineering Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Other

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Hak Untuk Bersuara, Kewajiban Untuk Berpartisipasi: Makna Demokrasi Sesungguhnya Lestari Purnama Intan Gulo; Elrica April Yanti Mendrofa
Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Pancasila, Kewarganegaraan, dan Hukum Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): PAKEHUM- Agustus
Publisher : CV. SINAR HOWUHOWU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70134/pakehum.v2i2.641

Abstract

In a democratic system, every individual has the right to voice their opinions and ideas, which become the foundation for the formation of public policies that are fair and in favor of the common interest. However, this right is also accompanied by the obligation to actively participate in democratic processes, whether in elections, public discussion forums, or in running the government. Democracy is not only about freedom of speech, but also about active contribution in determining the direction of the nation. This article examines the relationship between individual and collective rights and obligations in realizing quality democracy, as well as the challenges faced by society in implementing both. This discussion aims to strengthen the understanding that democracy is achieved when every citizen not only knows his or her true rights, but also carries out his or her obligation to participate in the political process constructively.
Reposisi Probiotik Komersial Raja Lele Sebagai Akselerator Pertumbuhan Ikan Patin Siam (Pangasius Hypophthalmus) Lestari Purnama Intan Gulo
Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): PERAUT - Juni
Publisher : CV. SINAR HOWUHOWU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70134/peraut.v3i1.1837

Abstract

The Siamese catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) is a strategic freshwater commodity in Indonesian aquaculture; however, its growth performance in the field is often hampered by low feed conversion efficiency and water quality issues in intensive farming systems. This article presents a literature review on the potential of the commercial probiotic Raja Lele a product based on a consortium of Lactobacillus sp., Acetobacter sp., and yeast that has long been widely used in catfish (Clarias sp.) farming for application in Siamese catfish grow-out.  This review found that supplementation with probiotics comprising lactic acid bacteria and fermentative bacteria consistently improved specific growth rates, feed conversion efficiency, survival rates, and water quality in Siamese catfish rearing systems. Direct evidence from Siamese catfish was combined with cross-evidence from the application of the Raja Lele probiotic in Sangkuriang catfish, which showed comparable patterns of growth enhancement and immune response. This study concludes that the Raja Lele probiotic has the potential to be adapted as a functional feed supplement in Siamese catfish aquaculture, with the caveat that the dosage and frequency of application still need to be specifically tested for this species.
Co-Authors Elrica April Yanti Mendrofa