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All Journal Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Jurnal Farmamedika (Pharmamedica Journal)
Anggi Sagita Siti Qomariah
Universitas Tanjungpura
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT JERUK SAMBAL (Citrus Microcarpa Bunge) TERHADAP Staphylococcus Aureus Anggi Sagita Siti Qomariah; Syarifah Nurul Yanti Rizki Syahab Asseggaf; Mistika Zakiah; Ari Widiyantoro; Delima Fajar Liana
Jurnal Farmamedika (Pharmamedica Journal) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Farmamedika (Pharmamedica Journal)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Industri dan Farmasi Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47219/ath.v11i1.655

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) menjadi penyebab tingginya morbiditas dan mortalitas pada kasus infeksi. Perkembangan kasus resistensi antibiotik menyebabkan sulitnya proses pengobatan infeksi. Alternatif antibakteri dapat berasal dari tanaman berupa kulit buah jeruk sambal (Citrus microcarpa Bunge). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol kulit buah jeruk sambal terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan skrining fitokimia secara kualitatif dan uji aktivitas antibakteri pada kelompok perlakuan konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, dan 80%, kontrol negatif dan kontrol positif. Melalui skrining fitokimia, senyawa metabolit ditemukan pada ekstrak etanol kulit buah jeruk sambal sekunder yang meliputi flavonoid, fenolik, alkaloid, tanin, dan saponin. Aktivitas antibakteri ditemukan pada konsentrasi 40%, 60%, dan 80% dengan diameter zona hambat yang terbentuk sebesar 6,93 mm, 8,88 mm, dan 10,25 mm. Zona hambat yang terbentuk dapat dikategorikan sedang. Konsentrasi efektif ekstrak etanol kulit buah jeruk sambal dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus adalah 60%.
Comparison of the Antibacterial Activity of Jeruk Sambal (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) Peel Extract Against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria Syarifah Nurul Yanti Rizki Syahab Asseggaf; Mistika Zakiah; Ari Widiyantoro; Mahyarudin Mahyarudin; Chika Dila Ananda; Anggi Sagita Siti Qomariah; Patricia Evelyn Lino Boli; Mirandha Aussiemegan Jusaim
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.152.1777-1783

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance has increased the need to explore plant-based sources of antibacterial agents. This study evaluated the phytochemical constituents and compared the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of jeruk sambal (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) peels against gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). A laboratory experimental study was performed using a completely randomized design with a post-test-only control group. Phytochemical compounds were identified through qualitative screening, while antibacterial activity was measured using the disc diffusion method. The extract contained phenolics (+++), flavonoids (+++), alkaloids (++), saponins (+), and tannins (+). Inhibition of gram negative bacteria was observed at 60% and 80%, with inhibition zones of 7.80 and 7.83 mm, respectively. For gram positive bacteria, inhibition occurred at 40%, 60%, and 80%, measuring 6.93, 8.88, and 10.25 mm, respectively. The extract showed moderate antibacterial activity, with stronger inhibition against gram positive bacteria 60% concentration demonstrated the most effective activity against both bacteria.
Co-Authors Ari Widiyantoro Asseggaf, Syarifah Nurul Yanti Rizki Syahab Chika Dila Ananda Delima Fajar Liana Mahyarudin, Mahyarudin Mirandha Aussiemegan Jusaim Mistika Zakiah Patricia Evelyn Lino Boli