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All Journal BASHAIR Bulletin of Islamic Research
A. Sholahudin Akhyar
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Religion Humanities Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Kosmologi Al-Qur’an dalam Perspektif Tafsir Klasik: Analisis Penafsiran Lafazh Terkait Konsep Bumi, Langit, dan Alam Semesta A. Sholahudin Akhyar
BASHA'IR: JURNAL STUDI AL-QUR'AN DAN TAFSIR Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Basha'ir: Jurnal Studi Al-Quran dan Tafsir
Publisher : Prodi Ilmu Al-Qur'an dan Tafsir

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47498/hte1aj88

Abstract

Penelitian ini berangkat dari problem pembacaan ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an tentang bumi dan kosmos yang kerap ditarik ke dalam kerangka kosmologi modern melalui pendekatan tafsir ‘ilmi. Pemaksaan paradigma sains modern tersebut sering melahirkan pembacaan spekulatif yang menjauh dari makna bahasa Arab dan tradisi tafsir klasik. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada penegasan kembali bahasa arab yang menjadi medium Al-Qur’an sebagai pembentuk  cara pandang manusia terhadap bumi dan alam semesta dalam kerangka fenomenologis dan fungsional, yaitu gambaran nyata kosmik sebagaiamana dirasakan dan dimanfaatkan oleh makhluk. Dengan pendekatan tafsir tematik berbasis analisis kebahasaan dan penelusuran penafsiran mufassir klasik, kajian ini menelaah lafazh-lafazh tentang bumi (seperti farasy, bisath, mihad, madda, qarar, sutihat, dan manakib, serta relasinya dengan bina’ dan aqtar), dan ayat-ayat tentang ruang alam semesta seperti Ayat Kursi, Ali ‘Imran: 133, dan Ar-Rahman: 33. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa istilah-istilah tersebut secara konsisten dipahami sebagai deskripsi alam semesta sebagaimana dialami dan dihuni manusia, bukan sebagai pernyataan tentang bentuk geometris atau struktur fisik kosmos sebagaimana klaim tafsir sains kontemporer. Ayat-ayat tentang keluasan langit dan bumi juga berfungsi teologis-pedagogis untuk menanamkan kesadaran akan kebesaran Allah dan keterbatasan makhluk. Sehingga problem utama diskursus modern terletak pada pendekatan epistemologis yang melatarbelakangi para pembaca kontemporer.
Seven Earths in the Qur’anic Worldview: An Epistemological Study of Classical and Modern Tafsir A. Sholahudin Akhyar; Lusi Ismayenti
Bulletin of Islamic Research Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Educational Foundation for Qur'anic Exegesis and Hadith Studies (Yayasan Pendidikan Tafsir Hadis)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69526/bir.v4i3.431

Abstract

Purpose – Cosmological verses of the Qur’an have long been a point of convergence and tension between Qur’anic exegesis and modern scientific thought. Among these, QS. At-Talaq [65]:12 is unique in referring to the “seven earths” (wa mina al-arḍi mithlahunna). This study aims to compare the interpretations of the concept of the seven earths in the exegeses of Ibn Kathīr and Ibn ‘Āshūr and to examine their epistemological implications for contemporary studies of Qur’anic cosmology. Design/methodology/approach – This study employs a qualitative descriptive-comparative approach based on library research. Primary data consist of the exegetical works of Ibn Kathīr and Ibn ‘Āshūr, which are analyzed through comparative textual analysis to identify differences in interpretive methodology, epistemological orientation, and cosmological paradigms. Findings – The study reveals two fundamentally different interpretive paradigms. Ibn Kathīr, employing the tafsīr bi al-ma’thūr approach, interprets the seven earths literally as layered realms supported by prophetic traditions and reports from the Companions, resulting in a vertically structured metaphysical cosmology. In contrast, Ibn ‘Āshūr adopts a rational-philological approach, interpreting the expression as referring to seven regions or continents based on linguistic analysis and openness to empirical knowledge, thereby constructing a horizontal and empirically oriented cosmological model. These contrasting interpretations demonstrate that cosmological exegesis is shaped not only by the Qur’anic text but also by the epistemological frameworks and intellectual horizons of the exegetes. Research implications/limitations – The study is limited to two major exegetical traditions and does not include broader comparative analysis with contemporary scientific or modern exegetical perspectives. Future research may expand the discussion by incorporating interdisciplinary approaches involving cosmology, philosophy of science, and modern Qur’anic interpretation. Originality/value – This study contributes to the field of Qur’anic cosmology by demonstrating that debates over the concept of the seven earths are fundamentally methodological and epistemological rather than questions of scientific correctness. It offers a balanced framework for fostering constructive dialogue between Qur’anic exegesis and modern science while preserving the epistemic integrity of revelation and remaining open to the advancement of human knowledge.
Co-Authors Lusi Ismayenti