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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product
Rizma Yogi
Universitas Bani Saleh
Medicine & Pharmacology

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SNEDDS Formulation of Bay Leaf Oil as a Natural Preservative and FTIR Chemometric Authentication Test Andi Tenri Nurwahidah; Moh. Firman Irwanto; Rizma Yogi; Maratun Shoaliha
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product
Publisher : Universitas Ngudi Waluyo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35473/ijpnp.v9i1.4764

Abstract

This study developed a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) for bay leaf essential oil as a natural preservative. The oil was extracted for 6 hours with a yield of 0.55%. Physical characterization showed the oil quality met standards, although the peroxide value was relatively high. Solubility testing indicated that bay leaf oil, PEG 400, and Tween 80 were the best combination. SNEDDS formulation optimization was performed using Design Expert, resulting in 13 formulations. Drug loading testing showed that 15 mg of chitosan and bay leaf extract were the optimal concentrations without precipitation. Formulations 4 and 9 met the SNEDDS criteria: transmittance >99%, droplet size <30 nm, polydispersity index <0.3, zeta potential −20 to −25 mV, emulsification time <36 seconds, and oral pH. FTIR analysis confirmed the dominance of the lipid fraction and the absence of contamination. Chemometric analysis distinguished bay leaf oil from other oils.
Co-Authors Andi Tenri Nurwahidah Maratun Shoaliha Moh. Firman Irwanto