Tengku Natasha Eleena binti Tengku Ahmad Noor
Centre of Studies for Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh

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The relationship between predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors regarding topical fluoride application and the risk of dental caries among firstgrade elementary school students in the Tambakrejo Health Center Area Dini Setyowati; Hadfi Dhaky Chairuly; Benedicta Sellyvia; Nur Aini Nova Airlangga; Widya Ayu Satya Pratiwi; Mokhammad Fauzi; Amanda Ayu Aprilia; Jasmine Dharmarani Saputra; Sella Pujaya Wahyu Aifma; Fanya Suryanti; Tengku Natasha Eleena binti Tengku Ahmad Noor
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijdm.v9i2.2026.79-83

Abstract

Background: Dental caries is a common oral health issue among school-aged children, often influenced by parental knowledge, socioeconomic conditions, and access to preventive care. Based on Lawrence W. Green’s theory, health behavior is determined by predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing the implementation of topical fluoride application and their relationship with dental caries risk among first-grade students in the Tambakrejo Public Health Center area. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from July 21–22, 2025, involving 67 parents of first-grade students from Darussalam Islamic Elementary School, Kapasan III Public Elementary School, and Muhammadiyah 17 Elementary School, Surabaya. Data were collected using questionnaires on predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors. Caries risk was assessed using a Cariogram interview. Correlations were analyzed with Spearman’s Rho test with SPSS. Results: Parental knowledge (r = -0.719; p = 0.000), access to information (r = -0.622; p = 0.000), economic status (r = -0.331; p = 0.006), and health program support (r = -0.383; p = 0.001) were significantly and negatively correlated with caries risk. Reinforcing factors such as social (r = -0.723; p = 0.000), informational (r = -0.711; p = 0.000), and tangible support (r = -0.838; p = 0.000) also showed strong negative correlations, while emotional support (r = 0.026; p = 0.834) was not significant. Conclusion: Predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors significantly influence children’s dental caries risk. Enhanced parental knowledge and support effectively reduce caries risk.
The relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice towards snacking habits with dental caries status among children aged 8–11 years at Ketabang 1 Public Elementary School, Surabaya Dini Setyowati; Nabila Adine Putri; Intan Aprillia Putri Erinda; Annisa Tri Maharani; Andre Amin Supatra; Nur Hikmatus  Sa’adah; Amanda Ayu Aprilia; Jasmine Dharmarani Saputra; Sella Pujaya Wahyu Aifma; Fanya Suryanti; Tengku Natasha Eleena binti Tengku Ahmad Noor
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijdm.v9i1.2026.26-29

Abstract

Background: Dental caries is a chronic infectious disease caused by bacterial activity that demineralizes tooth enamel and dentin. According to the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Research (Riskesdas), 67.3% of school-aged children experience oral health problems, with dental caries being the most prevalent (88.8%). Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice towards snacking behavior with dental caries status among children aged 8–11 years at Ketabang 1 Public Elementary School, Surabaya, in 2025. Methods: This observational analytic study used a cross-sectional design involving 85 students selected through cluster random sampling. Data on knowledge, attitude, and snacking behavior were collected using a structured questionnaire, while dental caries status was clinically examined using the DMFT and PUFA indices. Statistical analyses included the Chi-square test, Independent T-test, and Mann–Whitney test with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The mean DMFT scores ranged from 2.53 ± 1.37 to 4.65 ± 2.12, and the mean PUFA ranged from 0.20 ± 0.37 to 0.58 ± 0.67, indicating moderate to high caries prevalence. Chi-square analysis showed a significant relationship between knowledge (p = 0.000) and practice (p = 0.003) with dental caries status, while attitude showed no significant correlation (p = 0.943. Conclusion: Knowledge and snacking behavior are significantly associated with dental caries status among school-aged children, whereas attitude shows no significant relationship. Strengthening oral health education and promoting healthy snacking habits are crucial to reducing caries incidence in elementary school children.