<![CDATA[Sociological studies on religion in Indonesia have persistently framed interreligious harmony as a product of macro-level formal institutional interventions, frequently overlooking the autonomous capacity of rural communities in sustainably reproducing peaceful coexistence. This study addresses the academic problem of how rural grassroots communities maintain social cohesion and establish cultural defense mechanisms amid the challenges of identity fragmentation and external exclusive ideological penetration. Utilizing a qualitative case study method, empirical data were gathered through participant observation, document analysis, and in-depth interviews with key informants, including Islamic leaders, administrators of the Saint Peter and Paul Catholic Church Station of Pasuruan, and members of the Village Community Empowerment Institute (LPM). The theoretical framework relies on Robert Putnam’s social capital theory incorporating bonding, bridging, and linking social capital integrated with the concept of active tolerance. The findings demonstrate that Islamic-Catholic harmony in Pasuruan Village is sustained through three structural-cultural pillars. First, the institutionalization of bridging social capital through spatial coexistence, evident in the proactive participation of the Muslim majority in facilitating legal permits and the physical relocation of the new church building in 2022 directly opposite an Islamic educational institution. Second, the continuous reproduction of cultural social capital through reciprocal religious holiday visitations, inter-institutional logistics sharing between the mosque and church, and interfaith joint national prayers on Independence Day. Third, the mobilization of linking social capital through institutional synergy between the Village Government, LPM, BPD, and interfaith moral authorities to mitigate external sectarian provocations through deliberative, familial mechanisms. These findings affirm that grassroots religious moderation operates organically with self-reliant cultural resilience. Keyword: active tolerance; cultural resilience; religious moderation; social capital; spatial coexistence. Studi sosiologi agama di Indonesia kerap menempatkan stabilitas kerukunan sebagai produk dari intervensi birokrasi kelembagaan formal berskala makro, sehingga kerap mengabaikan kapasitas otonom masyarakat perdesaan dalam memproduksi perdamaian secara mandiri. Penelitian ini mengkaji problem akademik mengenai bagaimana komunitas akar rumput mereproduksi harmoni sosial dan membangun benteng pertahanan kultural di tengah ancaman polarisasi identitas serta penetrasi paham eksklusif eksternal. Menggunakan metode kualitatif berpendekatan studi kasus, data empiris dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif mendalam, analisis dokumentasi monografi desa, serta wawancara mendalam semi-terstruktur terhadap informan kunci yang mencakup fungsionaris Lembaga Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (LPM) Desa Pasuruan, tokoh agama Islam, pengurus Gereja Katolik Stasi Pasuruan, dan pamong desa. Kerangka teoretis penelitian ini bertumpu pada teori modal sosial (social capital) Robert Putnam meliputi bonding, bridging, dan linking social capital yang dipadukan dengan perspektif toleransi aktif (active tolerance). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa harmoni Islam-Katolik di Desa Pasuruan terkonstruksi melalui tiga pilar utama. Pertama, pelembagaan bridging social capital melalui koeksistensi spasial, yang tampak nyata dari partisipasi proaktif warga mayoritas Muslim dalam memfasilitasi perizinan dan relokasi fisik bangunan baru Gereja Santo Petrus dan Paulus Stasi Pasuruan pada tahun 2022 tepat di seberang institusi pendidikan Islam tanpa friksi sosial. Kedua, reproduksi modal sosial kultural melalui tradisi anjangsana timbal balik pada hari raya keagamaan (Idulfitri dan Natal), kerja sama logistik sarana ibadah lintas iman, serta pelembagaan doa bersama kebangsaan setiap peringatan 17 Agustus. Ketiga, aktivasi linking social capital yang menyinergikan aparatur Pemerintah Desa, LPM, BPD, dan pemuka agama dalam memitigasi provokasi intoleran luar desa melalui musyawarah kekeluargaan dan asas tabayyun. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa moderasi beragama di tingkat perdesaan beroperasi secara organik dan memiliki daya tahan sosial yang mandiri. Kata kunci: koeksistensi spasial; modal sosial; moderasi beragama; resiliensi kultural; toleransi aktif.]]>
