Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 2 Documents
Search

The Association Between Haloperidol and Clozapine and The Risk of Hyperglycaemia in Patients with Schizophrenia Martanty Aditya; Godeliva Adriani Hendra; Rina Setyowati
Jurnal Farmasi Ma Chung: Sains, Teknologi, dan Klinis Komunitas Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Farmasi Ma Chung: Sains, Teknologi, dan Klinis Komunitas
Publisher : Program Studi Farmasi, Universitas Ma Chung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33479/jfmc.v4i1.105

Abstract

First- and second-generation antipsychotics such as haloperidol and clozapine are treatment options for schizophrenia; however, both have the potential for metabolic side effects, including hyperglycemia. This study aimed to analyse the association between using haloperidol or clozapine, either alone or together, and the occurrence of hyperglycemia in patients with schizophrenia. The research used an observational design with a cross-sectional study and retrospective data from 154 medical records of schizophrenia patients. The study was conducted at Dr. Radjiman Wediodiningrat Psychiatric Hospital outpatient clinic, Lawang, from January to March 2025. Data were analysed using the chi-square test and odds ratio with RStudio 2024. The results showed that most patients received clozapine alone or with other medications (70.78%). A significant association was found between clozapine use and male sex (p = 0.014) as well as the 17–40 age group (p = 0.001). Haloperidol use was linked to an increased risk of elevated creatinine levels (p = 0.026). However, there was no significant link between the type of therapy and the risk of hyperglycemia (OR = 1.243; 95% CI: 0.097–66.819). Levels of SGOT (p = 0.913), SGPT (p = 0.258), and urea (p = 1.000) stayed within normal limits in both treatment groups. In summary, clozapine may carry a slightly higher but statistically insignificant risk of causing hyperglycemia. Overall, treatment with haloperidol or clozapine appears safe concerning liver and kidney function, as indicated by normal SGOT, SGPT, and urea levels.
Analysis of the Impact of Tax Incentives on Corporate In-vestment: An Empirical Study of Tax Holiday and Tax Al-lowance Policies in Indonesia for the 2022-2026 Period Arda Raditya Tantra; Bulan Karima Nurani; Rina Setyowati
Proceeding International Collaborative Conference on Multidisciplinary Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): June : ICCMS (Proceeding International Collaborative Conference on Multidiscipl
Publisher : International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70062/iccms.v3i1.262

Abstract

This study examines the impact of tax incentive policies, specifically tax holidays and tax allowances, on corporate investment realization in Indonesia during the 2022-2026 period. Using a descriptive quantitative approach with secondary data from the Ministry of Investment and Downstream Industry/BKPM, the Fiscal Policy Agency of the Ministry of Finance, and the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), this research analyzes the relationship between tax expenditure and investment growth. The analysis reveals that investment realization grew from IDR 1,207.2 trillion in 2022 to IDR 1,931.2 trillion in 2025, representing an increase of 59.9 percent over three years. In the first quarter of 2026, investment realization reached IDR 498.8 trillion, growing 7.2 percent year-on-year, against an annual target of IDR 2,041.3 trillion. During the same period, tax expenditure directed at improving the investment climate rose from IDR 54.8 trillion to an estimated IDR 95.0 trillion. Tax holidays proved effective in attracting investors to mineral downstream sectors and special economic zones, while tax allowances contributed to labor-intensive and technology-driven investment. The study concludes that tax incentives positively contribute to corporate investment growth, though effectiveness is also shaped by legal certainty, infrastructure quality, and the implementation of the 15 percent global minimum tax from January 2025.