Firas Atqiya
Universitas Padjadjaran

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Hybrid IndoBERT and Support Vector Machine for Multi-class Emotion Classification of Indonesian Tourism Reviews Firas Atqiya; Afrida Helen; Muhammad Rizqi Sholahuddin
Media Jurnal Informatika Vol 18 No 1 (2026): Media Jurnal Informatika
Publisher : Universitas Suryakancana Cianjur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35194/mji.v18i1.6377

Abstract

Online reviews hold emotional nuances that binary sentiment analysis cannot adequately capture for targeted tourism management. Indonesian reviews pose additional computational challenges due to informal language, Sundanese vernacular, and severe class imbalance. Objective:   This study develops a hybrid classification framework using IndoBERT as a frozen feature extractor and a Support Vector Machine (SVM) across five emotional classes. It investigates integrating Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and SMOTE within a strict cross-validation pipeline to mitigate extreme minority class scarcity while preventing data leakage. The duplicate-free dataset comprises 446 manually annotated reviews from agro-tourism destinations in Rancakalong. Annotations followed Ekman’s emotions plus a neutral category, cross-validated by a Large Language Model (Cohen's Kappa = 0.7475). To satisfy oversampling constraints, three extreme minority classes (fear, surprise, disgust) were consolidated into an 'OTHER' class. Three configurations were evaluated via 5-Fold Stratified Cross-Validation: TF-IDF + SVM (M1 baseline), IndoBERT + SVM (M2), and IndoBERT + PCA + SMOTE + SVM (M3), utilizing Macro F1 as the primary metric. Results:  The M1 baseline yielded a Macro F1 of 0.3920. By capturing contextual semantics, M2 improved accuracy to 0.7131 and Macro F1 to 0.4133. The proposed M3 architecture achieved the highest Macro F1 (0.4321), demonstrating that combining dimensionality reduction and oversampling strengthens minority class decision boundaries. However, erratic performance on the synthetic 'OTHER' class confirms that merging distinct emotions disrupts cohesive semantic signatures. Integrating frozen IndoBERT embeddings with PCA and SMOTE within a cross-validated SVM architecture significantly outperforms traditional baseline models on highly imbalanced, low-resource Indonesian text data. This study contributes an empirically validated emotion corpus and establishes a foundational, data-driven behavioral modeling framework to guide targeted managerial interventions in local agro-tourism.
Real-Time Webcam-Based Hand Gesture Recognition with Face Authentication for 3D Drone Simulation in Godot Engine Muhammad Rizqi Sholahuddin; Siti Dwi Setiarini; Ardhian Ekawijana; Muhammad Samudera; Firas Atqiya
Media Jurnal Informatika Vol 18 No 1 (2026): Media Jurnal Informatika
Publisher : Universitas Suryakancana Cianjur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35194/mji.v18i1.6483

Abstract

Most hand gesture control systems for drones depend on specialized hardware such as Leap Motion or Kinect, which raises the cost barrier for educational institutions in developing countries. Integrating face authentication within the same low-cost pipeline remains under-explored. This study develops a real-time, webcam-based system that combines Google MediaPipe hand tracking with facial authentication and a Godot Engine 4.3 3D drone simulation for authenticated, responsive gesture control. A finger-counting algorithm classifies eight gestures across two hands. The left hand drives horizontal motion (forward, backward, left, right) and the right hand drives altitude and yaw (up, down, rotate left, rotate right). Commands travel over UDP to Godot, where a receiver node translates each packet into a native input action. Face authentication uses dlib and the face_recognition library with a 60-frame login counter. All metrics were collected under a fixed condition (normal lighting 300–500 lux, 0.8 m, one subject). The system achieved 100% gesture accuracy across 160 trials, 35.6 FPS pipeline throughput, 0.33 ms one-way UDP latency with 0% packet loss, and 23.9 ms end-to-end gesture-to-drone latency. Face authentication scored 100% recognition with 0% FRR and 19.0% FAR against an unregistered face at the default 0.6 tolerance. A standard-webcam pipeline built entirely from open-source components can deliver responsive, authenticated gesture control for interactive drone simulation, though the single-subject evaluation is an upper bound requiring multi-subject validation. However, the 100% accuracy represents an upper bound as evaluation was limited to a single subject under controlled lighting (300–500 lux) and a fixed distance (0.8 m), requiring further validation across diverse users and environments