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All Journal ELS Journal On Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Journal of Language Education
Lendawati Manurung
Universitas HKBP Nommensen Medan
Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences Other

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An Analysis Of Metaphors Found In Aku Ini Binatang Jalang By Chairil Anwar Lendawati Manurung; Yessy Octaviana; Usman Sidabutar
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): MARCH
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34050/els-jish.v9i1.50212

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the types and meanings of metaphors found in selected poems by Chairil Anwar based on Goatly’s theory of metaphor. The objectives of this study are to identify the kinds of metaphors used and to interpret their meanings in each poem. This research employed a qualitative descriptive method. The data were collected from ten selected poems, namely Aku, Sajak Putih, Diponegoro, Penghidupan, Suara Malam, Catetan Tahun 1945, Aku Berada Kembali, Cintaku Jauh di Pulau, Senja di Pelabuhan Kecil, and Derai-derai Cemara. The data were analyzed by classifying the metaphors into active metaphor, subjective metaphor, asymmetric metaphor, dead metaphor, and mimetic metaphor according to Goatly’s framework. The findings show that Chairil Anwar dominantly uses active metaphors to express strong emotions, rebellion, struggle, and existential awareness. Subjective metaphors are frequently used to convey personal feelings and psychological conditions. Asymmetric metaphors reflect power relations, conflict, and life struggles, while dead metaphors indicate expressions that have become conventional in meaning. Mimetic metaphors are used to create imaginative and dramatic imagery in the poems. The analysis reveals that metaphors play an important role in strengthening meaning, emotional intensity, and poetic expression in Chairil Anwar’s works. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of metaphor analysis in literary studies, especially in Indonesian poetry. It is expected that this research can enrich readers’ comprehension of figurative language and provide references for future researchers who are interested in metaphor studies using Goatly’s theory.
An An Error Analysis in Translating Indonesian Text into English by Fourth Semester of the English Education Study Program at Nommensen HKBP University Medan Aryo Hans Lumban Tobing; Lendawati Manurung; Pitriani Nababan; Inanti P. Diran
Journal of Language Education (JoLE) Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): September
Publisher : Merwin Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69820/jole.v3i3.407

Abstract

This study examines the translation errors made by fourth-semester English Education students at HKBP Nommensen University Medan when translating expository texts from Indonesian into English. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach and the Surface Strategy Taxonomy by Dulay, Burt, and Krashen (1982), the research classifies errors into omission, addition, misformation, and misordering. Data were collected from student translation assignments.The purpose of this study is to identify the types and frequency of errors as well as the translation strategies students used, in order to understand the linguistic and contextual challenges they face. The findings revealed that misformation errors were the most dominant (75.82%), followed by addition and omission (each 10.48%), and misordering (3.22%). All 20 participants relied heavily on literal translation techniques, which often resulted in unnatural sentence structures and incorrect grammatical forms. This study highlights the need for more targeted grammar instruction, sentence restructuring exercises, and contextual vocabulary training. It contributes to the existing literature on translation errors in academic texts and offers practical insights for improving translation pedagogy and curriculum development in English education programs.
Co-Authors Aryo Hans Lumban Tobing Inanti P. Diran Pitriani Nababan Usman Sidabutar YESSY OCTAVIANA