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All Journal JOPS (Journal Of Pharmacy and Science) Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia
Gharsina Yumni
Universitas Wahid Hasyim
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Characterization of Functional Groups and Sunscreen Activity of Ethanol Extract of Breadfruit Leaves (Artocarpus altilis) Gharsina Yumni; Elda Septiana
JURNAL FARMASI DAN MAKANAN Vol 9 No 2 (2026): Journal of Pharmacy and Science
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Abdurrab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36341/jops.v9i2.7778

Abstract

Breadfruit leaves (Artocarpus altilis) contain phenolic and flavonoid compounds with potential as sunscreens. This study aimed to characterize functional groups and determine the in vitro sunscreen activity of the 96% ethanol extract of breadfruit leaves from Tengaran. The extract was obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol. Functional group analysis was performed using FTIR spectroscopy. Sunscreen activity was tested at concentrations of 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 ppm using UV-Vis spectrophotometry (290-320 nm), and SPF values were calculated using the Mansur equation. FTIR results indicated the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds characterized by functional groups O-H, C-H aliphatic, C=O, C=C aromatic, C=C alkene, NO₂, and C-O. The SPF values obtained were 24.096; 29.474; 32.449; 38.301; and 40.008, respectively, all falling into the ultra-protection category (>15). In conclusion, the extract contains phenolic and flavonoid functional groups and exhibits potent sunscreen activity with ultra protection.
Evaluasi Kandungan Kunyit (Curcuma longa L.) pada Sediaan Jamu Herbal Menggunakan FTIR dan Analisis Kemometrik Gharsina Yumni; Nabilla Selviana Putri; Sugito Chandra
Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia Vol. 19 No. 1 (2026): July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Tidar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31002/jtoi.v19i1.3668

Abstract

The use of herbal medicine as an alternative treatment continues to increase, particularly for turmeric-basedproducts. However, the adulteration of turmeric raw materials remains a significant problem, compromisingproduct quality and posing health risks to consumers. Research on the authentication of turmeric incommercial herbal medicine preparations using rapid and non-destructive methods remains limited. Thisstudy aimed to authenticate turmeric content in herbal medicine preparations using Fourier TransformInfrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometric analysis. Turmeric powder samples and fivecommercial herbal preparations were collected from different locations in Semarang city. Spectral data wereacquired using FTIR in the range of 4000-650 cm⁻¹ and analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA)and Cluster Analysis (CA) with Minitab 22 software. FTIR results revealed the presence of characteristiccurcumin functional groups, including O-H phenolic, C-H, C=C aromatic, C-O-C, and C-O in all samples. PCA andCA analysis resulted in two distinct groups: Group 1 (SA, SC, SD, SE) showed high similarity to the turmericreference standard, while Group 2 (SB) exhibited significant differences, showed spectral differences from thereference sample. The combined FTIR and chemometric approach proved effective in quickly and accuratelyidentifying and authenticating turmeric content in herbal medicine preparations, thus can be recommendedas a routine quality control method for herbal medicine industry and BPOM. Keywords: Authentication, CA, chemometrics, FTIR, PCA, turmeric
Co-Authors Elda Septiana Nabilla Selviana Putri Sugito Chandra