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All Journal Prisma Sains: Jurnal Pengkajian Ilmu dan Pembelajaran Matematika dan IPA IKIP Mataram
Muh Nasir
Universitas Nggusuwaru
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Mathematics Physics Other

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Evaluation of Science Learning through Artificial Intelligence-Based Formative Feedback among Primary School Teacher Education Students Muh Nasir; Juryatina Juryatina; Mei Indra Jayanti; M Ekahidayatullah
Prisma Sains : Jurnal Pengkajian Ilmu dan Pembelajaran Matematika dan IPA IKIP Mataram Vol. 14 No. 3: July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/j-ps.v14i3.20462

Abstract

This study examines the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based formative feedback in the evaluation of science (IPA) learning among Primary School Teacher Education (PGSD) students. It addresses the limitations of conventional evaluation, particularly delayed feedback and the limited opportunities for conceptual correction in science learning. The study employed a mixed-methods approach with an explanatory sequential design; the quantitative component used a one-group pretest–posttest pre-experimental design without a control group, involving 40 students across two classes. The intervention used a web-based AI-driven digital evaluation application that generated generative and personalized feedback. Quantitative data were collected through pretest–posttest scores and a questionnaire, while qualitative data were obtained through interviews and system log analysis. The results show a statistically significant increase in learning-outcome scores after implementation, with a moderate improvement (6–7 points) and a medium effect size (Cohen's d = 0.65). The quality of AI-based feedback was categorized as good (mean = 3.13), particularly in terms of speed and usefulness, with a response time of less than five seconds. Qualitative findings indicate that immediate feedback supported conceptual understanding, helped identify misconceptions, and encouraged reflective learning behavior; however, limitations were found in feedback clarity and network stability. Because of the absence of a control group, this improvement cannot be fully attributed to AI feedback. The findings are preliminary and context-bound, yet indicate a positive contribution of AI-based formative feedback as an adaptive evaluation tool that needs to be tested with stronger designs.
Problem-Based Learning Effect on Elementary Students Critical Thinking with Science Literacy as Covariate Mei Indra Jayanti; Muh Nasir; Umar Umar
Prisma Sains : Jurnal Pengkajian Ilmu dan Pembelajaran Matematika dan IPA IKIP Mataram Vol. 14 No. 3: July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/j-ps.v14i3.20580

Abstract

Critical thinking skills among elementary school students in Indonesia remain at a suboptimal level, as evidenced by the 2022 PISA science literacy score of 383, substantially below the OECD average of 485. Despite a growing body of research on Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in Indonesian science education, studies that statistically control for students' initial cognitive profiles when estimating PBL's effect on critical thinking remain scarce at the elementary level, limiting the precision and credibility of existing effect estimates. This study aimed to examine the effect of PBL on the critical thinking skills of fifth-grade students at SDN 33 Lampe, Bima City, Indonesia, with science literacy as a covariate. A quasi-experimental post-test only control group design was employed, with two classes selected through cluster random sampling and randomly assigned to conditions: Class V.A (n = 31) as the PBL group and Class V.B (n = 29) as the control group receiving conventional instruction. Science literacy data were obtained from a cognitive diagnostic assessment administered before the intervention as an independent covariate, while critical thinking was measured using a validated essay instrument covering six dimensions of Facione (2015). Data were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) with estimated marginal means reported for each group. Results indicated a highly significant effect of instructional model on critical thinking (F(1, 57) = 54.868, p < .001, partial η² = .490), with the PBL group obtaining an adjusted mean of 17.71 points higher than the control group after controlling for science literacy. Science literacy also demonstrated a significant covariate effect (partial η² = .178). Within the scope and constraints of this single-school study, PBL was associated with significantly higher critical thinking scores compared to conventional instruction.
Co-Authors Juryatina Juryatina M Ekahidayatullah Mei Indra Jayanti Mei Indra Jayanti Umar Umar