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All Journal Jurnal Review Pendidikan Dasar : Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan dan Hasil Penelitian
Setianingsih Setianingsih
State University of Malang
Education

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Concrete-to-Abstract Transitions and Affective Factors in Fourth-Grade Mathematics: A Systematic Review of Pedagogical Challenges and Merdeka Curriculum Setianingsih Setianingsih; Fitrika Asrofatul Arofah; Suyono Suyono; Riska Pristiani
Jurnal Review Pendidikan Dasar : Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan dan Hasil Penelitian Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 12 No. 1 Februari 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jrpd.v12n1.p32-58

Abstract

Fourth grade represents a critical transition period in elementary mathematics education where students encounter increasingly abstract concepts requiring sophisticated pedagogical approaches. This systematic literature review synthesizes 32 empirical studies (2021-2025) examining concrete-representational-abstract (CRA) instructional sequences, affective dimensions, and Merdeka Curriculum implementation challenges in fourth-grade mathematics learning. Analysis reveals three primary findings: First, systematic CRA/CPA progressions significantly enhance conceptual understanding across fractions, geometry, and algebraic thinking, yet classroom implementation frequently exhibits problematic practices including premature abstraction or prolonged concrete manipulation. Second, mathematical self-efficacy, mathematics anxiety, and achievement demonstrate consistent bidirectional relationships, with fourth grade constituting a consequential period for mathematical identity formation. Third, Merdeka Curriculum's numeracy literacy emphasis confronts substantial implementation obstacles including conceptual misconceptions, inadequate professional development, resource limitations, structural constraints, and policy misalignments.
Co-Authors Fitrika Asrofatul Arofah Riska Pristiani Suyono Suyono