<![CDATA[Abstract. Hair loss is one of the most common hair problems. Candlenut seed oil (Aleurites moluccana L.) has long been used to help treat hair loss due to its fatty acid content and bioactive compounds that support hair and scalp health. However, conventional use is limited by poor stability and low penetration of active compounds. Therefore, a nanoemulsion delivery system was developed to improve physical stability and enhance the delivery of candlenut oil. This study aimed to develop a candlenut oil nanoemulsion hair tonic with optimal physical characteristics. The nanoemulsion was formulated using a combination of surfactant and cosurfactant through a high-energy emulsification technique, and optimized using a 2² factorial design followed by quadratic modeling with RStudio. Oil identification was conducted by comparing analytical results with the Certificate of Analysis and relevant literature. The evaluation showed that the preparation was a clear, slightly viscous, colorless, and homogeneous liquid. The transmittance value was 99.678 ± 0.014%, with a pH of 6.47 ± 0.016 and viscosity of 949.333 ± 2.494 cP. The formulation exhibited pseudoplastic flow behavior with a particle size of 20.8 ± 0.216 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.093 ± 0.012, and a zeta potential of −34.300 ± 1.314 mV. Thermodynamic stability testing confirmed that the formulation remained stable during storage. Therefore, the candlenut seed oil nanoemulsion hair tonic exhibited good characteristics and physical stability. Abstrak. Kerontokan rambut merupakan salah satu masalah rambut yang umum terjadi. Minyak biji kemiri (Aleurites moluccana L.) telah lama dimanfaatkan untuk membantu mengatasi kerontokan rambut karena kandungan asam lemak dan senyawa bioaktif yang mendukung kesehatan rambut dan kulit kepala. Namun, penggunaan secara konvensional memiliki keterbatasan, terutama terkait stabilitas dan penetrasi zat aktif. Oleh karena itu, dikembangkan sistem penghantaran nanoemulsi untuk meningkatkan stabilitas fisik dan efektivitas penghantaran minyak biji kemiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan formula hair tonic nanoemulsi minyak biji kemiri dengan karakteristik fisik optimal. Nanoemulsi diformulasikan menggunakan kombinasi surfaktan dan kosurfaktan dengan menggunakan metode teknik energi tinggi, kemudian dioptimasi menggunakan desain faktorial 2² dan pemodelan kuadratik berbasis RStudio. Identifikasi minyak dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil analisis terhadap Certificate of Analysis dan literatur. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan sediaan berupa cairan jernih agak kental, tidak berwarna, dan homogen. Nilai % transmittan sebesar 99,678 ± 0,014 %, pH 6,47 ± 0,016, serta viskositas 949,333 ± 2,494 cP. Sediaan menunjukkan sifat alir pseudoplastis dengan ukuran partikel 20,8 ± 0,216 nm, indeks polidispersitas 0,093 ± 0,012, dan zeta potensial -34,300 ± 1,314 mV. Uji stabilitas termodinamik menunjukkan formula stabil selama penyimpanan. Dengan demikian, hair tonic nanoemulsi minyak biji kemiri memiliki karakteristik dan kestabilan fisik yang baik.]]>
