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All Journal JPT : JURNAL PROTEKSI TANAMAN (JOURNAL OF PLANT PROTECTION)
Nurbailis Nurbailis
Universitas Andalas, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

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Interactive effects of Rhizobacteria for Managing Spodoptera exigua on Shallot Plants (Allium cepa Linnaeus) under Field Conditions Hidrayani Hidrayani; Nurbailis Nurbailis; Fitri Yeni; Zahlul Ikhsan
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): June 2024
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.8.1.12-20.2024

Abstract

Spodoptera exigua is the primary pest attacking shallot plants from the vegetative to the generative phase. Yield loss caused by S. exigua attack can reach 57%. Rhizobacteria have been known to be used as biocontrol agents for controlling insect pests. The research objectives were to determine and compare the effectiveness of Yuyaos and BPTPH rhizobacteria formula (Bacillus sp.) in suppressing the attack of S. exigua on shallot-growing areas. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) of 3 treatments and five replications. The treatment consisted of shallot seedlings treated with two types of rhizobacteria (Yuyaos and BPTPH) and water (without rhizobacteria) as control before planting. Beneficial effects of the rhizobacteria on shallot plants were observed in the following variables, including the development of the S. exigua population, damage level of S. exigua, and shallot growth. The results showed that introducing Yuyaos rhizobacteria (RZ2.1AG1, Bacillus thuringiensis), which originated from the rhizosphere of the chili plant, was the best way to protect shallot plants from S.exigua. Effectively reduced the population of S.exigua (78.90%), leaf damage (62.12%), and damage intensity (38.88%). On the other hand, Yuyaos was also influential in increasing tuber growth (11.11%), plant height (43.29%), number of leaves (58.33%), and number of tillers (22.22%).
How Trichoderma Enhances Plant Defense Enzymes in Food Crops: Current Insights and Future Perspectives in Asia Hasan Albana; Nurbailis Nurbailis; Darnetty Darnetty
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.8.2.109-122.2024

Abstract

Food crops are plants grown for consumption by humans and animals. These crops face threats from both abiotic and biotic factors. Therefore, environmentally friendly alternative controls, such as enhancing plant resistance using Trichoderma spp, are needed. This systematic literature review provides information on the effects of Trichoderma spp. application on plant physiology, particularly focusing on defense enzymes in food crops in the Asian region. Articles on the effects of Trichoderma application on food crop defense enzymes in Asia were retrieved from PubMed and Scopus. The literature search yielded 3,022 articles from these databases. Four criteria were established for study inclusion: i) studies involving Trichoderma spp.; ii) studies using food crops as the subject; iii) studies conducted in Asia; and iv) studies evaluating at least one defense enzyme activity. In this systemic review, we found at least 100 isolates of Trichoderma spp. that can increase plant resistance, as indicated by the increase of plant defense enzymes in Asia. The studies were mostly reported in India and China. Rice is the most frequently studied crop. The most frequently used is T. harzianum. Meanwhile, the defense enzymes tested are peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, chitinase, and β-1,3-glucanase. The most commonly used inoculation method is seed treatment in a controlled environment such as a greenhouse. More research on changes in plant enzymes due to Trichoderma spp. application is recommended to assess its effectiveness in practical, real-world settings, especially in field conditions.
Biological Control of Aphis gossypii on Red Chili Pepper using Locally Isolated Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae Dang Khoa Bui; Hidrayani Hidrayani; Nurbailis Nurbailis
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.9.2.95-107.2025

Abstract

Red chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) is a high-value horticultural crop in Indonesia, but its production is severely constrained by Aphis gossypii, which can cause yield losses of up to 65%. This study aimed to evaluate the biological characteristics, virulence, and lethal-sublethal effects of local isolates of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae against A. gossypii. Fungal viability and growth were assessed through spore germination and radial growth assays, while pathogenicity was evaluated using four conidial concentrations (10⁴–10¹⁰ conidia mL⁻¹). Aphid mortality, lethal concentration (LC), lethal time (LT), and reproductive performance were recorded, and the data were analyzed using factorial and probit analyses. The results showed that both fungi exhibited high spore viability (>96%) and stable mycelial growth rates (3.71–3.74 mm day⁻¹). Aphid mortality increased significantly with increasing conidial concentration, reaching 100% at 10¹⁰ conidia mL⁻¹, whereas mortality at 10⁴ conidia mL⁻¹ ranged from 26.67% to 40.00%. Probit analysis revealed comparable virulence, with LC₉₅ values of 8.09 for M. anisopliae and 8.29 for B. bassiana. Lethal time analysis showed a concentration-dependent killing pattern, with B. bassiana acting more rapidly at lower concentrations (10⁴–10⁶ conidia mL⁻¹) and M. anisopliae exhibiting shorter LT₅₀ values at higher concentrations (10⁸–10¹⁰ conidia mL⁻¹). In addition to lethal effects, both fungi significantly suppressed aphid reproduction, particularly at higher conidial concentrations. These findings demonstrate that B. bassiana and M. anisopliae possess strong and complementary bioefficacy against A. gossypii, supporting their potential application in integrated pest management programs.
Co-Authors Dang Khoa Bui Darnetty Darnetty Fitri Yeni Hasan Albana Hidrayani Hidrayani Zahlul Ikhsan