Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2021 - 2026
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All Journal Jurnal Kajian Bali Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage
Turita Indah Setyani
University of Indonesia
Religion Arts Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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From Mahābhārata Warrior to Sacred Ontological Figure: The Deification of Bhīma in the Late Majapahit Merapi-Merbabu Scriptorium Muhammad Heno Wijayanto; Sofwan Noerwidi; Putu Eka Guna Yasa; Turita Indah Setyani; I Made Suparta
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): HERITAGE OF NUSANTARA
Publisher : Center for Research and Development of Religious Literature and Heritage

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31291/hn.v15i1.885

Abstract

This article addresses an unresolved problem in Javanese cultural heritage, namely the persistence of interpretive fragmentation between archaeological data and philological analysis. Focusing on Bhīma’s transformation from an epic warrior in the Mahābhārata to a sacred spiritual entity during the late Majapahit era, the study examines how the Merapi-Merbabu scriptorium reconstructed his identity through a convergence of material sculptural evidence and esoteric textual formulas. Methodologically, the study adopts an interdisciplinary qualitative design combining philological text editing, iconographic analysis, and cross-media interpretation. Two primary corpora are analyzed: a visual-material corpus consisting of the regional Sukuh-Lawu Mountain-style Bhīma statue, and a textual corpus consisting of the Bhīma Swarga manuscripts from the Merapi-Merbabu scriptorium (specifically codices 1 L 234, 1 L 333, 5 L 5, and 9 L 156), alongside the Nawaruci text. The findings show that material survival alone does not restore cultural coherence, as sacred heritage remains fragmented across media. However, cross-media comparison successfully reconstructs recurring iconographic features, such as the pañcanakha (five-clawed nails) and poleṅ (chequered) cloth, and reconnects sculptural evidence with textual memory. This process uncovers a systematic somatic ontology where Bhīma is reinterpreted as the absolute source of breath (ambĕkan), life (urip), and consciousness (pramāṇa). The article argues that the preservation of sacred heritage becomes most meaningful when it moves beyond object visibility toward cultural legibility, allowing the late Majapahit religious identity to remain interpretable across material statues and textual abstractions.
The Public Space Management Strategy at the Bali Arts Centre during the Annual Bali Arts Festival I Gusti Ayu Agung Mas Triadnyani; Lily Tjahjandari; Turita Indah Setyani
Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024): Reclaiming Cultural Heritage
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JKB.2024.v14.i02.p11

Abstract

The Bali Arts Festival, locally known as Pesta Kesenian Bali (PKB), is an annual colossal festival of performing arts intended to preserve and explore cultural arts, as can be observed from the variety of programs performed, the number of artists involved and the number of viewers. This study analyzes how the public space at the Bali Arts Centre is managed not only to perform a professional and high-quality festival but also to make artists, entrepreneurs and viewers feel comfortable in enjoying it. The data were obtained through interviews, library research, and observation of the 2023 PKB and analyzed using the theory of public space proposed by Gottdiener and Lefebvre. The study concludes that the government has realized that improving the public space and the Arts Centre supporting facilities proves that public space management is as important as the arts curatorial process to present the quality of the PKB and public viewing experiences.
Co-Authors I Gusti Ayu Agung Mas Triadnyani I Made Suparta Lily Tjahjandari Muhammad Heno Wijayanto Putu Eka Guna Yasa Sofwan Noerwidi