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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Geography Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Journal of Regional and Rural Development Planning AGROLOGIA : Jurnal Ilmu Budidaya Tanaman JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Science Nature Jurnal Tunas Agraria International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research MAKILA: Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Jurnal Pendidikan Geografi Unpatti JENDELA PENGETAHUAN Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Arumbai Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Arumbai AGROLOGIA: Jurnal Budidaya Tanaman
Osok, Rafael M
Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Pattimura Ambon
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Simpanan Karbon Di Atas Permukaan Pada Berbagai Penggunaan Lahan Di Hutan Lindung Sirimau, Pulau Ambon Sandhy H Luhulima; Rafael M Osok; Elizabeth Kaya
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 16 No 2 (2020): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2020.16.2.215

Abstract

Forest conversion is a main contributor to land cover changes in the Sirimau protected forest area in Ambon Island, which reduces forest’s ability to absorb carbon from the atmosphere. This study aimed to calculate above-ground carbon and potential carbon sequestration in Sirimau protected forest area. Sampling techniques were adapted from the method of Hairiah et al. (2001; 2011) and Wibowo et al. (2013), namely non-destructive (for tress) and destructive methods (for understorey). Data analysis included the calculation of biomass and above-ground carbon stocks (trees and understorey) of all land uses based on Hairiah et al. (2001; 2011). The results showed that total carbon stocks in the Sirimau protected forest was 418.98 ton per ha, consisted of tree carbon stocks, 402.25 ton per ha (96%) and understorey 16.69 ton per ha (4%), whereas the largest carbon stock was found in primary dry land forest of 187.59 ton per ha, secondary dryland forest of 100.48 ton per ha, shrubs of 32.59 ton per ha (7.78%), agriculture dry land 31.41 ton per ha (7.5%), mixed dry land and agriculture 59.25 ton per ha (14.14%), savanna 6.78 ton per ha (1.62%) and settlements 0.84 ton per ha (0.2%). The potential carbon sequestration in the Sirimau protected forest was 1,537.50 ton CO2 per ha, and the largest absorption was 1,476.25 ton CO2 per ha or 96% of the total absorbed CO2 by trees. The largest CO2 absorption capacity was 688,45 ton CO2 per ha (44.78%) by primary dryland forest. Keywords: trees and understorey carbon stocks, carbon sequestration, Sirimau protected-forest, Ambon Island ABSTRAK Konversi hutan merupakan penyebab perubahan tutupan lahan di kawasan hutan lindung Sirimau, Pulau Ambon, sehingga mempengaruhi fungsi hutan sebagai penyerap karbon dari atmosfer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji simpanan dan potensi serapan karbon di atas permukaan pada hutan lindung Sirimau setelah terjadi perubahan penggunaan lahan sejak tahun 2010. Teknik pengambilan sampel diadaptasi dari metode Hairiah et al. (2001; 2011) dan Wibowo et al. (2013), yaitu non-destructive untuk pohon dan destructive untuk tumbuhan bawah. Analisis data meliputi perhitungan biomasa dan cadangan karbon di atas permukaan (pohon dan tumbuhan bawah) pada semua penggunaan lahan dengan mengacu pada Hairiah et al. (2001; 2011). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total simpanan karbon pada hutan lindung Gunung Sirimau adalah 418,98 ton per ha, yang berasal dari cadangan karbon pohon, 402,25 ton per ha (96%), dan tumbuhan bawah 16,69 ton per ha (4%). Berdasarkan penggunaan lahan, cadangan karbon terbesar berasal dari penggunaan lahan hutan lahan kering primer sebesar 187,59 ton per ha, hutan lahan kering sekunder 100,48 ton per ha, semak belukar 32,59 ton per ha (7,78 %), pertanian lahan kering 31,41 ton per ha (7,5%), pertanian lahan kering campuran 59,25 ton per ha (14,14%), savana 6,78 ton per ha (1,62%) dan permukiman 0,84 ton per ha (0,2%). Potensi serapan karbon dioksida oleh vegetasi pada hutan lindung Gunung Sirimau sebesar 1.537,50 ton CO2 per ha. Penyerapan terbesar berasal dari vegetasi tingkat pohon sebesar 1.476,25 ton CO2 per ha atau 96 % dari total penyerapan CO2. Berdasarkan penggunaan lahannya, hutan lahan kering primer memiliki kemampuan penyerapan CO2 terbesar yaitu 688,45 ton CO2 per ha atau 44,78% dari total serapan CO2. Kata kunci: cadangan karbon pohon dan tumbuhan bawah, serapan karbon, hutan lindung Sirimau, Pulau Ambon
Penilaian Degradasi Lahan dan Dampak Sedimentasi terhadap Perencanaan Bangungan Air di Daerah Aliran Sungai Wai Ruhu, Kota Ambon Calvin T Tutuarima; Silwanus M Talakua; Rafael M Osok
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 17 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2021.17.1.43

Abstract

Land degradation is the reduction in the ability of land to generate benefits from certain land uses under special treatment from land management. Land degradation usually indicates deterioration in the production capacity of the land either temporarily or permanently. A further consequence of the land degradation process is the emergence of unproductive areas called critical lands. Quantitative and qualitative determination of erosion in a watershed area could be identified through observation of real damage indicators that had occurred in the field. This is based on this study results combined with the method of determining soil degradation in the field, namely the Field Assessment Tools, indicators of soil damage due to erosion obtained in the area of this this study area. These included pedestals, exposed plant roots / tree roots and exposed building foundations as an indication of land degradation due to sheet erosion, channel indicators as channel erosion and trench indicators as trench erosion. The classification of land degradation due to erosion found in the Wai Ruhu watershed showed that the level of land degradation could be classified as light erosion, moderate erosion, heavy erosion and very heavy erosion, with the range of erosion varying from 4.40 tons/ha/year to 675,62 tons/ha/year. Meanwhile, from the results of direct measurements, the overall average sediment concentration was 98,06 mg/L. During the rainy season, the average sediment concentration produced was 107,43 mg/L, higher than during the dry season of 88.69 mg/L. The Wai Ruhu watershed had a fairly large discharge. Although during the dry season the river was not dry completely, the discharge was very small. The basic material found along the Wai Ruhu watershed indicated that there had been intensive degradation processes in the upstream area. Excessive deposition along the river would result in reduced capacity of the river channel. Keywords: Ambon, discharge, land degradation, sedimentation, Wai Ruhu Watershed ABSTRAK Degradasi lahan adalah berkurangnya kemampuan lahan untuk menghasilkan manfaat dan keuntungan dari penggunaan lahan tertentu di bawah perlakuan khusus dari pengelolaan lahan kerusakan lahan biasanya menandakan kemunduran kapasitas produksi dari lahan baik secara temporer maupun secara permanen. Akibat lanjut dari proses degradasi lahan adalah timbulnya areal-areal yang tidak produktif yang disebut lahan kritis. Penentuan besar erosi secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif pada suatu wilayah DAS dapat diidentifikasi melalui pengamatan terhadap indikator-indikator kerusakan yang nyata terjadi di lapangan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan ini, yang dipadukan dengan metode penentuan degradasi tanah di lapangan berupa Field Assessment Tools, maka indikator-indikator kerusakan tanah akibat erosi yang didapatkan di daerah penelitian. Itu terdiri dari pedestal, akar tanaman/akar pohon terekspos dan fondasi bangunan terekspos sebagai indikasi degradasi lahan akibat erosi lembar, indikator alur sebagai erosi alur dan indikator parit sebagai erosi parit. Klasifikasi degradasi lahan akibat erosi yang ditemukan di DAS Wai Ruhu menunjukkan bahwa tingkat degradasi lahan tergolong erosi ringan, erosi sedang, erosi berat dan erosi sangat berat, dengan kisaran besar erosi yang bervariasi antara 4,40 ton/ha/tahun sampai 675,62 ton/ha/tahun. Sedangkan dari hasil pengukuran langsung secara keseluruhan konsentrasi sedimen rata-rata adalah sebesar 98,06 mg/L. Untuk saat hujan konsentrasi sedimen rata-rata yang dihasilkan adalah sebesar 107,43 mg/L, lebih tinggi daripada saat kemarau sebesar 88,69 mg/L. DAS Wai Ruhu mempunyai debit yang cukup besar. Meskipun pada saat kemarau aliran sungai tidak kering sama sekali, tetapi debitnya sangat kecil. Material dasar yang terdapat di sepanjang saluran DAS Wai Ruhu menggambarkan bahwa telah terjadi proses-proses degradasi yang intensif di daerah hulu. Pengendapan yang berlebih di sepanjang sungai akan akan mengakibatkan berkurangnya kapasitas saluran sungai. Kata kunci: Ambon, DAS Wai Ruhu, debit air, degradasi lahan, sedimentasi
Penetapan Kelas Kemampuan Lahan Dan Arahan Rehabilitasi Lahan Das Wai Batu Merah Kota Ambon Provinsi Maluku Rafael M Osok; Silwanus M Talakua; Dhanang Supriadi
Agrologia Vol 7, No 1 (2018): Agrologia: Jurnal Ilmu Budidaya Tanaman
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/a.v7i1.355

Abstract

Land use planning requires a proper consideration, so that the function of land can take place continuously and sustainably. The objectives of the research were to establish the land capability class of Wai Batu Merah watershed its land use management in accordance with each land capability class. The research method was survey with synthetic and analytical approaches, and  flexible observation distance following physiographic change, soil type and land use within landunits. The results of the study showed that Wai Batu Merah watershed has 6 class and 12 sub-class land capability of II.B,KE3,e1, III.e2,  III.C, IV.b2, IV.D,b2, IV.D, VI.e4, VI.E, VII.e5, VII.F,e5, VII.F, and VIII.t5 with limiting factors of  slope steepness, erosion sensitivity, percentage of gravel and rock, and soil texture. Land use management planning  in the Wai Batu Merah watershed includes intensive, medium, and limited agriculture, intermediate and limited grazing, agroforestry, protection forest, forest, home garden, biopores and organic materials.Keywords: Land Capability Class, Wai Batu Merah Watershed
Analysis of erosion hazard level and land rehabilitation pattern with the RUSLE method based on GIS at Wai Tala Watershed in West Seram Regency Maluku Province Talakua, Silwanus Matheus; Osok, Rafael M; Talakua, Cristina M
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2024.112.5385

Abstract

This study used the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and Geographical Information System (GIS) to estimate the annual rate of soil loss, map erosion factors, and recommend a suitable pattern of land rehabilitation in Wai Tala watershed, Regency of Western Seram. The research material used in this study were rainfall data for 38 years, Digital Elevation Model Nasional (DEMNAS) Image Map, Rupa Bumi Indonesia (RBI), geology, soil, land use, and watershed boundaries of Maluku Province. Field research was conducted on 187 land units, and each land unit contained RUSLE erosion factors: topography, soil type, and land use. The spatial distribution of erosion factors was processed using the Arc.GIS10.8, and the soil erosion rates were estimated using the RUSLE method, then corrected using the land degradation model developed in small islands in Maluku. The results showed that the level of erosion hazard in the Wai Tala watershed was none to slight (mean = 3.54 t/ha/yr), moderate erosion (21.52 t/ha/yr), high erosion (110.01 t/ha/yr), and very high erosion (252.84 t/ha/yr). The recommended land rehabilitation patterns that can reduce annual soil loss lower than the tolerable limit are maintaining the none to slight erosion areas with the present land uses in particular primary and secondary forests, and with reforestation or agroforestry patterns combined with low to high-density garden plants or with low to high densities cover crop at the moderate to very high erosion areas.
Implementation of the Family Hope Program (PKH) in Poverty Alleviation in the Assilulu Community, Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency Mahulette, Angriany; Osok, Rafael Marthinus; Leuwol, Ferdinand Salomo
Jurnal Pendidikan Geografi Unpatti Vol 1 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Geografi FKIP Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jpguvol1iss2pp138-146

Abstract

The Hope Family Program (PKH) itself is a social protection program that provides non-cash assistance to the Poor Family designated as the Beneficiary Family. This research was conducted in Assilulu District Leihitu District Central Maluku Regency. In June 2022, through the method of collecting data used including observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that PKH has been in Assilulu Country since 2016 but that year has not been fully realized until 2020. This PKH program has given waivers in this regard education, including elementary, junior high and high school. For health bags of pregnant women/nifas or toddlers and social well-being, for severe disability. In addition, it is also in the form of cash and non-conditional aid for poor families. While the factor of inhibitory factors is still the number of people who have not received good help
Community Participation in Reducing Flood Disaster Risk in Batu Merah Village, Sirimau District, Ambon City LaUo, Novanti; Osok, Rafael Marthinus; Riry, Roberth Berthy
Jurnal Pendidikan Geografi Unpatti Vol 1 No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Geografi FKIP Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jpguvol1iss3pp233-238

Abstract

Natural disasters, including floods, are likely to occur in Maluku Province. Flood is the inundation of rivers caused by heavy rain or flooding caused by transmission from higher elevations. This study aimed to determine the extent and form of community involvement in reducing the risk of flooding in the Batu Merah Village, Sirimau District, Ambon City. This study uses descriptive qualitative research, or descriptive techniques, primarily focused on identifying problems using data collected from the field. But can also offer interpretation or analysis. The results showed that the participation of the Batu Merah community in reducing the risk of flood disasters in Batu Merah Village, Sirimau District, Ambon City was the most or the largest, namely Very Often with an average number of respondents of 20 (50.00%). Often with the number of respondents 10 (25.00), Rarely with the number of respondents 8 (20.00), and Never with the number of respondents 2 (5.00%) out of 40 respondents, and the form of participation in flood management is calm and money (100%).
ANALISIS DEBIT RENCANA UNTUK PERENCANAAN BANGUNAN PENGENDALI BANJIR DI DAS WAI RUATA KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH Marasabessy, Syamsudin; Talakua, Silwanus Matheus; Siregar, Adelina; Osok, Rafael Marthinus
MAKILA Vol 18 No 2 (2024): Makila: Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/makila.v18i2.14006

Abstract

The high rainfall, rapid urbanization, and the presence of impermeable surfaces have drastically increased surface runoff, overwhelming river systems with high water volumes. Changes in land use and rapid population growth further escalate flood risks. Analyzing planned discharge rates and flood control building planning becomes urgent to mitigate losses and risks caused by floods in the Wai Ruata watershed. Calculations indicate that for the Q100 Log Normal (2475.17 m3/s, the channel height is 2.50302 m, closely approximating public information (2.5 m), with a difference of 0.00302 m or 0.302 cm. This suggests that the calculated maximum flood water level based on planned discharge analysis using the rational method for Log Normal probability of 2.503 m is reasonably accurate. It can serve as a reference for flood control building design heights, potentially lasting around 100 years in the Wai Ruata watershed. Planned flood discharges in the Wai Ruata watershed are as follows: for a 2-year return period, 505.80 m3/s (Gumbel), 449.27 m3/s (Log Normal), 462.56 m3/s (Log-Pearson Type III); for a 50-year return period, 1868.80 m3/s (Gumbel), 2016.26 m3/s (Log-Normal), and 1837.18 m3/s (Log-Pearson); and for a 100-year return period, 2137.98 m3/s (Gumbel), 2475.17 m3/s (Log-Normal), 2166.93 m3/s (Log-Pearson). Gumbel planned flood discharge data can be used for a 25-year lifespan of water structures, whereas for a 100-year lifespan, Log-Normal planned flood discharge is more suitable.
The Impact of Tourism Development on the Economy of the Community in Lerohoilim Village, Kei Besar District Metuduan, Sindy Monika; Osok, Rafael Marthinus; Leuwol, Ferdinand Salomo
Jurnal Pendidikan Geografi Unpatti Vol 3 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Geografi FKIP Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jpguvol3iss3pp296-306

Abstract

Tourism development in Lerohoilim Village, Kei Besar District, Southeast Maluku, holds great potential for improving the local economy. However, the impacts of this development are not yet fully understood, particularly in the context of economic and social sustainability. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method, utilizing observation, interviews, and documentation for data collection. The findings reveal that tourism development has positive effects, such as increased income for the community through small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in accommodation, food stalls, and handicrafts. Furthermore, tourism creates new job opportunities for local residents. However, challenges remain in preserving the environment and local culture due to the surge in tourist visits. In conclusion, tourism development in Lerohoilim Village must continue to improve through sustainable planning and active community participation to ensure equitable economic benefits while preserving the local ecosystem and culture. The implication is that successful sustainable tourism development could serve as a model for other villages in Maluku.
Study of Physical and Mineral Properties of Soil Clay Landslide Location of IAIN Campus Ambon City Luhukay , Marcus; Risamasu, Robby G.; Osok, Rafael M; Slamet, Sonya
International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research Vol. 3 No. 12 (2022): International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Res
Publisher : Future Science / FSH-PH Publications

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.03.12.14

Abstract

This study aims to determine physical and clay mineral properties of soils and how they affect the occurrence of erosion in the IAIN Campus Ambon. The results indicated that the two soil profiles shows a variety in soil properties. the largest distribution of soil particle density is 2.63 at soil layer P2L3 and the smallest is 2.26 at P1L1, the largest soil pore distribution is 60.12% at P2L1 and the smallest is 29.36% at P1L3, while the largest soil pores ratio distribution is 1.51% at P2L1 and the smallest is 0.42% at soil layer P1L3. The soil porosity reflects the level of the soil ability to pass water flow (permeability) or the speed of water flow to pass through the soil mass (percolation). By the decreasing of soil porosity and pore ratio in layers 3 and 4, the permeability is also slower. The major clay mineral found in both soil profiles is kaolinite, an unwell consolidated secondary clay mineral type 1:1 mixed with quartz, the most weathering resistant primary minerals. These two minerals have lower friction resistance due to the increasing of clay content in the lower soil profiles. The physical and hydrological soil properties as well as the presence of kaolinite and quartz in the lower soil layers are considered to be the cause of the erosion occurrence in the study area (IAIN campus).
Study of Damage to Residential Buildings, Soil Geophysics and The Relationship Between the Epicentrum Distance and the Level of Damage Caused by Earthquake Sangadji , Abdul R; Osok, Rafael M; Talakua , Silwanus M
International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Rese
Publisher : Future Science / FSH-PH Publications

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.02.12

Abstract

The earthquake that occurred on September 26 2019 caused considerable damage to residential buildings in Ambon City, Central Maluku District and West Seram. This research was carried out in the villages of Liang, Tulehu and Waai, Salahutu District, Central Maluku Regency, which experienced the most damage, namely 5,406 houses were lightly damaged, 1,483 were moderately damaged, and 866 were heavily damaged. This study examines the characteristics of residential buildings, and analyzes the relationship between the level of damage to residential buildings and the distance from the epicenter. Coordinates and data on the level of damage to residential buildings (slight, moderate, very heavy) were obtained from BPBD Maluku Province, data on building characteristics including building construction, basic building conditions, building materials, building age were collected through field surveys and interviews with building owners based on damage level data building. The results showed that the level of damage to residential buildings was related to age/length, structure/construction, and materials used for building walls. The damage is even more severe if the building is old (> 20 years), the construction is boneless and unbuttoned (only the bricks are stacked), and the brick material is made of sea sand. Meanwhile, houses built with plastered masonry walls are more resistant to earthquakes. There is a relationship between the level of damage to residential buildings and the epicenter, the closer to the epicenter the damage is more severe, while the farther from the epicenter the level of damage is mild to moderate.
Co-Authors A. Marthin Kalay A.M. Kalay Abraham Talahaturuson, Abraham Alfredo Manusama Calvin T Tutuarima Daniel Torimtubun Dhanang Supriadi Dhanang Supriadi Elizabeth Kaya Ellisa J Gaspersz Ellisa J Gaspersz Ferdinand Salomo Leuwol Hatulely, Gresi Haumahu, J P Hendrico F Hehakaya Hetti May Rini Pintu Batu Labery, Cornelia M LaUo, Novanti Luhukay , Marcus Mahulette, Angriany Marasabessy, Syamsudin Metuduan, Sindy Monika Mohammad Amin Lasaiba Niko Kareth Pieter J Kunu Reginawanti Hindersah Riry, Robert Berthy Risamasu, Robby G. Roberth Berthy Riry Sandhy H Luhulima Sangadji , Abdul R Siahaya, Willem A. Siahaya, Willem Anthony Sihasale, Daniel Anthoni Silwanus M Talakua Silwanus M Talakua Silwanus M Talakua Silwanus M Talakua Silwanus M Talakua Silwanus M. Talakua Silwanus M. Talakua Silwanus Talakua Siregar, Adelina Sisilia Wariunsora Slamet, Sonya Soplanit, Rudy Souhuwat, Jelika Olivia Talakua , Silwanus M Talakua, Cristina M Talakua, Silwanus Talakua, Silwanus Matheus Tehupeiory, Sjane Florence Tupanno, Carla E Willem A Siahaya