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All Journal Jurnal Justitia : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Humaniora Journal Of Human And Education (JAHE)
Kania Esfandiari Fauziah Ali
Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang
Humanities Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Social Sciences Other

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KEABSAHAN KONTRAK ELEKTRONIK DALAM PENGGUNAAN ELECTRONIC BILL OF LADING (EBL) DITINJAU BERDASARKAN HUKUM INTERNASIONAL DAN HUKUM NASIONAL INDONESIA Kania Esfandiari Fauziah Ali; Devika Tryza Ayodhya
JUSTITIA : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Humaniora Vol 9, No 2 (2026): JUSTITIA Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Humaniora
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31604/justitia.v9i2.%p

Abstract

Perkembangan teknologi informasi telah mendorong lahirnya sistem perdagangan digital yang menggantikan dokumen fisik, salah satunya melalui Electronic Bill of Lading (eBL). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keabsahan eBL dalam perspektif hukum internasional dan hukum nasional Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, kajian ini berfokus pada prinsip-prinsip UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce (MLEC) dan Model Law on Electronic Transferable Records (MLETR) sebagai dasar pengakuan hukum terhadap dokumen elektronik yang bersifat transferable. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara internasional eBL telah diakui sah sepanjang memenuhi prinsip functional equivalence, technology neutrality, serta exclusive control dan integrity. Namun, dalam konteks hukum Indonesia, pengakuan eBL masih terbatas karena belum diadopsinya MLETR ke dalam peraturan nasional. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan pembaruan hukum untuk memberikan kepastian dan kesetaraan hukum dalam transaksi lintas negara berbasis elektronik.
Kajian Terhadap Penerapan Keadilan Restoratif Dalam Penjatuhan Putusan Lepas Dari Segala Tuntutan Hukum Pada Perkara Tindak Pidana Penipuan Kania Esfandiari Fauziah Ali; Hana Faridah; Taun Taun
Journal Of Human And Education (JAHE) Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): Journal of Human And Education (JAHE)
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jh.v6i5.3042

Abstract

This study analyzes the conformity of restorative justice as a basis for judicial consideration in imposing a judgment of acquittal from all legal charges (ontslag van alle rechtsvervolging) in Decision of the Makassar District Court Number 1039/Pid.B/2025/PN Mks. The research focuses on the relationship between restorative justice, criminal responsibility, and the normative limits of a judgment of acquittal under the applicable law. This study employs normative legal research using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. Legal materials were collected through library research and analyzed using qualitative-prescriptive analysis. The findings show that the case met the criteria for the application of restorative justice under Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2024 because a settlement had been reached and the victim’s losses had been restored. However, the panel of judges also found that all elements of fraud were proven, the defendant was criminally responsible, and there were no grounds for justification or excuse. Therefore, the successful restoration could not constitute a legal basis for imposing a judgment of acquittal under Article 191 paragraph (2) of the Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code. From the perspective of national criminal law reform, the judicial pardon mechanism provides a more appropriate legal framework for accommodating restoration without disregarding criminal responsibility.
Co-Authors Devika Tryza Ayodhya Hana Faridah Taun, Taun